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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Anatolia| ▸ |Cappadocia||View Options:  |  |  |   

Cappadocia

Cappadocia is in eastern Anatolia, in the center of what is now Turkey. After ending Persian rule, Alexander the Great intended to rule Cappadocia through one of his military commanders, but Ariarathes, a Persian aristocrat, somehow made himself king of the Cappadocians. Ariarathes I was successful and extended the borders of the Cappadocian Kingdom as far as the Black Sea. After Alexander's death, Perdiccas designated Eumenes to rule the area. Ariarathes was defeated, captured and crucified, but due to Macedonian infighting Ariarathes' son recovered his inheritance. He left the kingdom to a line of successors, who mostly bore the name of the founder of the dynasty. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia became an ally of Rome. The kingdom maintained independence until A.D. 17, when the Tiberius reduced Cappadocia to a Roman province.

Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes III, c. 230 - 220 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariarathes| |III,| |c.| |230| |-| |220| |B.C.||AE| |18|
Ariarathes III of Cappadocia as the son of Ariaramnes, married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, king of the Seleucid Empire and wife Laodice I. He ruled jointly with his father from 255 B.C. When his father died, c. 230 B.C. he became the sole ruler and was then the first ruler of Cappadocia to proclaim himself king (basileus). He sided with Antiochus Hierax in his war against Seleucus II Callinicus. Ariarathes is also said to have expanded his kingdom adding Cataonia to his dominions.
GB111976. Bronze AE 18, Simonetta 2a; Simonetta Collection p. 124, 2; HGC 7 800 (R2); SNG Cop -; BMC Cappadocia -, aVF/F, green patina, earthen deposits, weight 5.295 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 180o, Tyana (Kemerhisar, Turkey) mint, c. 230 - 220 B.C.; obverse head right, wearing bashlyk; reverse horseman charging right, brandishing spear, small palm tree to right, APIAΘ above, ΔΣ over TYANA below; ex CNG e-auction 522 (24 Aug 2022), lot 148; $140.00 (€131.60)
 


Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Nero,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||hemidrachm|
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.
GP114564. Silver hemidrachm, Ganschow 60, RPC Online I 3646, RIC I 618, Sydenham Caesarea 83, SNG Cop 183, SNGvA 6359, SNG Tub 4617, aVF, toned, mild roughness, weight 1.792 g, maximum diameter 13.9 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 58 - 59 A.D.; obverse NERO CLAVD DIVI CLAVD F CAESAR AVG GERMANI, laureate head right; reverse Victory standing right, right foot on globe, inscribing shield resting on knee; ex CNG e-auction 541 (28 Jun 2023), lot 357; ex Baldwin & Sons (London); $125.00 (€117.50)
 


Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Hadrian,| |11| |August| |117| |-| |10| |July| |138| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||hemidrachm|
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.
RS111663. Silver hemidrachm, RPC Online III 3071, Metcalf Conspectus 84, Ganschow 192, SNGvA 6411, SNG Hunt 2225, Henseler 320, gF, toned, tight flan, die break obv. lower left, marks/scratches, weight 1.365 g, maximum diameter 13.6 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 119 - 120 A.D.; obverse AYTO KAIC TPAI AΔPIANOC CEBACT (Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus), laureate bust right, slight drapery on far shoulder; reverse agalma of Mt. Argaeus surmounted by figure of Helios, globe in right hand, long scepter in left hand, ET - Δ (year 4) divided high across field; ex Leu Numismatik auction 24 (3 Dec 2022), lot 4995 (part of); $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Tyana, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Hadrian,| |11| |August| |117| |-| |10| |July| |138| |A.D.,| |Tyana,| |Cappadocia||AE| |19|
Tyana was an ancient city in the Anatolian region of Cappadocia. Under Caracalla the city became Antoniana colonia Tyana. After having sided with Queen Zenobia of Palmyra it was captured by Aurelian in 272, who would not allow his soldiers to sack it, allegedly because Apollo appeared to him, pleading for its safety. The ruins of Tyana are at modern Kemerhisar, three miles south of Nigde. There are remains of a Roman aqueduct and of cave cemeteries and sepulchral grottoes.
RP111720. Bronze AE 19, RPC III 2956; Henseler 1517; Waddington 6805; cf. Cox Tarsus p. 59, 234 & Pl. XI (year 21), gF, green patina, porous, scratches, light earthen deposits, tight flan, weight 5.839 g, maximum diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 0o, Tyana (Kemerhisar, Turkey) mint, 135 - 136 A.D.; obverse AYTO KAIC TPAI AΔPIANOC CEBACTOC, laureate head right; reverse TYANEΩN TΩN ΠP TA IEP ACY AYTO, Athena standing slightly left, head left, Victory bearing wreath and palm frond in right hand, left hand resting on grounded shield, vertical spear resting against shield, ET-K (year 20) across fields; $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Severus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Severus| |Alexander,| |13| |March| |222| |-| |March| |235| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||AE| |25|
Mount Erciyes (Argaios to the Greeks, Argaeus to the Romans) is a massive stratovolcano 25 km to the south of Kayseri (ancient Caesarea) in Turkey. The highest mountain in central Anatolia, with its summit reaching 3,916 meters (12,848 ft). It may have erupted as recently as 253 B.C. Strabo wrote that the summit was never free from snow and that those few who ascended it reported seeing both the Black Sea to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south in days with a clear sky.
RP112993. Bronze AE 25, RPC Online VI T6850, Henseler 1276, Sydenham Caesarea 593, BMC Cappadocia 336, Lindgren I 1725, SNGvA 6522, SNG Cop VII -, aVF, nice portrait, uneven strike with some legend unstruck, weight 13.851 g, maximum diameter 25.3 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 228 - 229 A.D.; obverse AVK CEOV AΛEZANΔ, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse MHTPOΠ KAICAPIA, agalma of Mount Argaeus, ET H (year 8) in exergue; first specimen of this type handled by FORVM; ex Leu Numismatik AG Web Auction 24 (3 Dec 2022), lot 4995 (part of); $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Elagabalus,| |16| |May| |218| |-| |11| |March| |222| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||AE| |27|
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of around 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.
RP112707. Bronze AE 27, Henseler 1062 (698d, notes otherwise unpublished var.), RPC Online VI T6703.26, Sydenham Caesarea p. 119, 522 (obv. leg. var.), F, dark green patina, some legend weak/off flan, porous, weight 12.451 g, maximum diameter 27.0 mm, die axis 315o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 219 - 220 A.D.; obverse AY M AYPHΛIOC - ANTWNEINOC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; countermark: head of Helios right (?, obscure, uncertain) in a 4.4mm round punch; reverse MHTPOΠO - KAICAPIAC, agalma of Mount Argaeus placed on garlanded altar, ET Γ (year 3) in exergue; $80.00 (€75.20)
 


Severus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D., Caesarea-Eusebia, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Severus| |Alexander,| |13| |March| |222| |-| |March| |235| |A.D.,| |Caesarea-Eusebia,| |Cappadocia||AE| |23|
"Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey - 38°42'N, 35°28'E) was created by the Cappadocian Kings to be their capital and was originally known as Mazaca. Caesarea fell to the Romans as a result of Pompey the Great's eastern campaigns, although client kings continued to rule until 17 AD when Tiberius annexed the area as the province of Cappadocia, with Caesarea as its capital. Through subsequent provincial reorganizations Caesarea finally became the capital of Cappadocia Prima in the late fourth century. It served as a mint city from Tiberius's reign until that of Septimius Severus, although not continuously." - from Moneta Historical Research by Tom Schroer
RP112702. Bronze AE 23, Ganschow 823h; RPC Online VI 6823/32; Sydenham Caesarea 575; SNG Cop VII 296 var. (obv. leg.); SNGvA 6518 var. (same), F, dark patina, rev. slightly off center, weight 8.572 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 180o, Cappadocia, Caesarea-Eusebia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 226 - 227 A.D.; obverse AY K CEOYH - AΛEΞANΔ, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust to right, seen from behind; reverse inscription in five lines: MH/TPOΠO/ΛEWC K/AICAPI/AC ET ς (Metropolis Caesarea, year 6); $70.00 (€65.80)
 


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||AE| |29|
Mount Erciyes (Argaios to the Greeks, Argaeus to the Romans) is a massive stratovolcano 25 km to the south of Kayseri (ancient Caesarea) in Turkey. The highest mountain in central Anatolia, with its summit reaching 3,916 meters (12,848 ft). It may have erupted as recently as 253 B.C. Strabo wrote that the summit was never free from snow and that those few who ascended it reported seeing both the Black Sea to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south in days with a clear sky.
RP112994. Bronze AE 29, Ganschow 543e; Hensler 887; Sydenham Caesarea 484; BMC Galatia p. 81, 274; SNGvA -; SNG Cop VII -, F, dark brown tone, a little off center, scattered small pits, weight 16.021 g, maximum diameter 29.0 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 205 - 206 A.D.; obverse AV KAI M AVPH ANTWNINOC, laureate head right, beardless; reverse MHTPOΠ KAICAPE, model of Mount Argaeus on garlanded altar, star above summit, ET IΓ (year 13 [of Septimius Severus]) in exergue; ex Leu Numismatik AG Web Auction 24 (3 Dec 2022), lot 4995 part of; $70.00 (€65.80)
 


Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Hadrian,| |11| |August| |117| |-| |10| |July| |138| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||hemidrachm|NEW
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.

RPC Online lists the date "AD 119/20" for this coin issue of year 4 (Δ) which must surely be incorrect if Hadrian became emperor in August 117 A.D. We therefore are following the date given in Metcalf.
RS113850. Silver hemidrachm, RPC III Online 3075 (31 spec.); Metcalf 86b; Sydenham Caesarea 256; SNGvA 6412; SNG Hunt I 2228; SNG Fitzwilliam VII 5451; BMC Galatia p. 62, 142, F, well-centered with full legend, obv. die wear, light pitting on rev., weight 1.558 g, maximum diameter 15.8 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 120 - 121 A.D.; obverse AYTO KAIC TPAI AΔPIANOC CEBACT, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse Nike advancing right, holding wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand and over left shoulder, ET Δ (year 4) in lower right field; ex Leu Numismatik auction 24 (3-6 Dec 2022), lot 5078 (part of); $70.00 (€65.80)
 


Eusebeia (Caesarea), Cappadocian Kingdom, Reign of Archelaus, c. 36 B.C. - 17 A.D.

|Cappadocia|, |Eusebeia| |(Caesarea),| |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Reign| |of| |Archelaus,| |c.| |36| |B.C.| |-| |17| |A.D.||AE| |15|
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). In Strabo's time the city had been renamed Eusebeia to honor the Cappadocian King Ariathes V Eusebes, who ruled 163 - 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. After the Muslim conquest, Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri.
GB98214. Bronze AE 15, Ganschow, type 5c, 53; SNGvA 6336; SNG Tübingen 4615; cf. Sydenham Caesarea 19 ff. (controls); SNG Cop VII 168 (same); BMC Galatia p. 46, 9 (same), aVF, green patina, porosity/light corrosion, tiny edge splits, weight 2.376 g, maximum diameter 15.1 mm, die axis 0o, Eusebeia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 36 B.C. - 14 A.D.; obverse head of Tyche right, wearing turreted helmet/crown with crest; reverse palm frond upright, EVΣE-BEIAΣ in two downward lines the first on the right, T (control) outer left, Δ (control) outer right; rare; $65.00 (€61.10)
 




  



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REFERENCES

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Catalog current as of Tuesday, March 19, 2024.
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