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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Anatolia| ▸ |Cappadocia||View Options:   | | | Cappadocia is in eastern Anatolia, in the center of what is now Turkey. After ending Persian rule, Alexander the Great intended to rule Cappadocia through one of his military commanders, but Ariarathes, a Persian aristocrat, somehow made himself king of the Cappadocians. Ariarathes I was successful and extended the borders of the Cappadocian Kingdom as far as the Black Sea. After Alexander's death, Perdiccas designated Eumenes to rule the area. Ariarathes was defeated, captured and crucified, but due to Macedonian infighting Ariarathes' son recovered his inheritance. He left the kingdom to a line of successors, who mostly bore the name of the founder of the dynasty. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia became an ally of Rome. The kingdom maintained independence until A.D. 17, when the Tiberius reduced Cappadocia to a Roman province. |
Claudius had three biological children, all three are depicted on this coin.SH90912. Bronze AE 21, RPC I 3656; BMC Galatia, p. 46, 13 corr. (head of Claudius); Sydenham Caesarea 61 corr. (same); SNG Cop VII -; SNGvA -; SNG Tüb -; SNG Hunterian -, VF, weight 5.721 g, maximum diameter 21.3 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 48 A.D.; obverse KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP BPITANTNNIKOC, bare head of Britannicus left; reverse KAICAP ET H OKTAOYIA ANΩNIA, Octavia and Antonia standing facing one another, clasping hands, each holding cornucopia; very rare; SOLD
Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes I, c. 331 - 322 B.C.
After Alexander the Great's armies passed him by, Ariarathes I, a satrap or dynast under Darius III, seized the area becoming the first king of Cappadocia. Later he attacked Antigonus and expanded into Phrygia, Pontus and Paphlagonia.
At Sinope, he maintained the city's standard nymph and eagle on a dolphin types, but replaced the Greek legends with his own Aramaic inscriptions.SH26865. Silver drachm, BMC Pontus p. 96, 9; SNG Stancomb 761; Traité 631; SNG BM 1459, EF, weight 5.367 g, maximum diameter 19.0 mm, die axis 0o, Sinope (Sinop, Turkey) mint, c. 328 - 325 B.C.; obverse head of nymph Sinope left, apluster before, Aramaic letters ayin and mem behind; reverse eagle on a dolphin left, Aramaic legend "ARYWRT" below; ex Lindgren Collection; very rare; SOLD
Caligula, 16 March 37 - 24 January 41 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of around 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.SH29162. Silver drachm, RPC Online I 3624 (11 spec.), Henseler 87, RIC I 63, BMCRE I 102, Cohen I 12, SNG Cop VII 176, F, toned, scratches, obv. legend weak, rev. off center, weight 3.099 g, maximum diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 37 - 38 A.D.; obverse C CAESAR AVG GERMANICVS, bare head right; reverse IMPERATOR PONT MAX AVG TR POT, simpulum and lituus; rare; SOLD
Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Caesarea-Eusebia, Commagene, Syria
This reverse die, lacking P P, is noted in RPC as an engraver's error since it shares obverse dies with P P specimens.
The wreath on the reverse is the corona civica, the oak wreath awarded to Roman citizens ex senatus consulto (by special decree of the Senate) for saving the life of another citizen by slaying an enemy in battle. It became a prerogative for Roman emperors to be awarded the Civic Crown, originating with Augustus, who was awarded it in 27 B.C. for saving the lives of citizens by ending the series of civil wars.GS64434. Silver didrachm, RPC I 3626 note, BMCRE I 240 var. (P P above OB CIVES); RIC I 123 var. (same), F, weight 7.037 g, maximum diameter 20.1 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 46 - 47 A.D.; obverse TI CLAVD CAESAR AVG GERM P M TR P, laureate head left; reverse OB CIVES / SERVATOS, in two lines within oak wreath; ex Elvira Clain-Stefanelli collection; rare; SOLD
Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia, Titus Reverse
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of almost 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.RP96735. Silver didrachm, RPC II 1650, Sydenham Caesarea 102, Metcalf Cappadocia 4, SNG Righetti 1761; SNGvA 6364; BMC Galatia p. 48, 19, VF, excellent portraits, flow lines, light deposits, light marks, reverse off center, weight 6.429 g, maximum diameter 20.6 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 76 - 77 A.D.; obverse AYTOKPA KAICAP OYECΠACIANOC CEBACTOC, laureate bust of Vespasian right; reverse AYTO KAI OYECΠACIANOC CEBACTOY YIOC, laureate bust of Titus right; SOLD
Domitian, 13 September 81 - 18 September 96 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.GS114014. Silver didrachm, RPC Online II 1670; Ganschow 93; Henseler 172; Sydenham Caesarea 126; Metcalf Conspectus 24; BMC Cappadocia p. 49, 30, Choice EF, weight 6.792 g, maximum diameter 21.8 mm, die axis 180o, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 93 - 94 A.D.; obverse AYT KAI ΔOMITIANOC CEBACTOC ΓEPM, laureate head right; reverse club of Hercules on ground line, handle upward, ETO IΓ (year 13) divided across field at center; ex CNG e-auction 549 (1 Nov 2023), lot 379; ex James Fox Collection (purchased from CNG, 13 Oct 1987); SOLD
Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
The imperial mint at Caesarea was founded by Tiberius c. 30 A.D. This is the only coin of Tiberius issued solely in his name at Caesarea. Because this type probably had greater circulation than the denarius in Jerusalem at the time of Christ, some speculate that this is the true "tribute penny."GS49937. Silver drachm, RPC I 3620; Sydenham 42; BMC Galatia p. 46, 11, aVF, toned, weight 3.495 g, maximum diameter 18.6 mm, die axis 315o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, obverse TIBEPIOΣ KAIΣAP ΣEBAΣTOΣ, laureate head right; reverse ΘEOY ΣEBAΣTOY YIOΣ, Mount Argaeus, surmounted by radiate and nude statue holding globe in right and scepter in left; fine style!; SOLD
Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia, Titus Reverse
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of almost 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.SH81665. Silver didrachm, RPC II 1650, Sydenham Caesarea 102, Metcalf Cappadocia 4, SNG Righetti 1761, aVF, excellent portraits, light toning, slightly off center, light marks, weight 6.896 g, maximum diameter 20.1 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 76 - 77 A.D.; obverse AYTOKPA KAICAP OYECΠACIANOC CEBACTOC, laureate bust of Vespasian right; reverse AYTO KAI OYECΠACIANOC CEBACTOY YIOC, laureate bust of Titus right; SOLD
Caligula, 16 March 37 - 24 January 41 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of around 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.RS110687. Silver drachm, RPC Online I 3624 (11 spec.), Henseler 87, RIC I 63, BMCRE I 102, Cohen I 12, SNG Cop VII 176, F, toned, broad flan, obv. off center, rough, weight 2.731 g, maximum diameter 18.0 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 37 - 38 A.D.; obverse C CAESAR AVG GERMANICVS, bare head right; reverse IMPERATOR PONT MAX AVG TR POT, simpulum and lituus; rare; SOLD
Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes VII Philometor, 116 - 101 B.C., In the Name and Types of Antiochos VII of Syria
When Ariarathes VII Philometor was a child under the regency of his mother Laodice, Cappadocia was seized by King Nicomedes III of Bithynia, who then married Laodice. Laodice's brother King Mithridates VI of Pontus soon expelled Nicomedes and the restored the Cappadocian throne to Ariarathes VII. When Ariarathes VII learned that his father's assassin was under Mithridates' protection (Mithridates had arranged the murder), he prepared for war. Before the battle, the King of Pontus had him killed and put his own son Ariarathes IX on the Cappadocian throne.GS85688. Silver tetradrachm, Lorber-Houghton Series 1, Issue 3, pl. 15, obverse die A5; Houghton-Lorber II 2148; HGC 7 829; HGC 9 1069, gVF, toned, weight 16.520 g, maximum diameter 29.8 mm, die axis 0o, Mazaka-Eusebeia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 107/6 - 104/3 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Antiochos VII right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ APIAPAΘOY ΦIΛOMHTPOΣ, Athena Nikephoros standing left, Nike right in extended right offering wreath, spear and grounded shield in left hand,
monogram above A outer left, O inner left, Λ inner right; all within laurel wreath; ex CNG e-auction 401 (12 Jul 2017), lot 197; SOLD
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