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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Twelve Caesars| ▸ |Claudius||View Options:  |  |  |   

Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D.

Claudius was one of the most capable, yet unlikely emperors. Shunned as an idiot by his family due to a limp and embarrassing stutter, Claudius spent the first decades of his life absorbed in scholarly studies until the death of his nephew Caligula. After Caligula's murder, the Praetorian Guard found him hiding behind a curtain in the Imperial Palace, expecting to be murdered. Instead, the guard proclaimed him emperor. His reign was marred by personal catastrophes, most notably promiscuity and betrayal by his third wife. He governed well and conquered the troublesome island of Britain. He was poisoned by his fourth wife, Agrippina Jr., mother of Nero.

Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Ephesos, Ionia

|Claudius|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Ephesos,| |Ionia||cistophorus|
In 30/29 B.C., the Koinon of Asia and Bithynia requested permission to honor the Augustus as a living god. "Republican" Rome despised the worship of a living man, but an outright refusal might offend their loyal allies. A cautious formula was drawn up, non-Romans could establish cults and build temples for divus Augustus jointly with dea Roma. Communitas Asiae (Community of Asia) was pro-consular Roman province comprised of Lydia, Iconia, Caria, Mysia, Phrygia, and Hellespontus.
SL113456. Silver cistophorus, RPC Online I 2221, RIC I 120 (R3, Pergamon), RSC II 3, BMCRE I 228, SRCV I 1838, NGC F, strike 5/5, surface 3/5 (2400265-002), weight 10.53 g, maximum diameter 26 mm, die axis 180o, probably Ephesos (near Selçuk, Turkey) mint, 41 - 42 A.D.; obverse TI CLAVD CAES AVG, bare head left; reverse Temple of Roma and Augustus, two columns, podium with four steps, within temple Augustus and Roma stand facing, Augustus in military garb with spear in right hand and shield in left, Fortuna crowns him with wreath in right hand and holds cornucopia in left hand, ROM ET AVG (Roma and Augustus) on entablature, COM - ASI (Communitas Asiae) across field at center; from a Virginia Collector, ex Eastern Numismatics Inc. (Garden City, NY, 17 Jan 2013, $1695); NGC| Lookup; very rare; $1700.00 (€1598.00)
 


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Roman Egypt

|Roman| |Egypt|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Roman| |Egypt||drachm|
RPC I quotes Walker’s surface analysis of Claudius billon at 21 - 26% silver, a significant drop from the 30% silver for those of Tiberius.

The ancients did not all agree on the attributes of Serapis. A passage in Tacitus affirms that many recognized in this god, Aesculapius, imputing healing to his intervention; some thought him identical with Osiris, the oldest deity of the Egyptians; others regarded him as Jupiter, possessing universal power; but by most he was believed to be the same as Pluto, the "gloomy" Dis Pater of the infernal regions. The general impression of the ancients seems to have been that by Serapis, was to be understood the beginning and foundation of things. Julian II consulted the oracle of Apollo for the purpose of learning whether Pluto and Serapis were different gods; and he received for an answer that Jupiter-Serapis and Pluto were one and the same divinity.
SH110653. Billon drachm, RPC I 5136 (4 spec.); BMC Alexandria p. 10, 78; Kampmann 12.25; Emmett 76/3 (R4); Geissen -; Dattari -; SNG Hunterian -, F, dark patina, earthen deposits, scratches, porosity, weight 3.330 g, maximum diameter 16.0 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, 42 - 43 A.D.; obverse TI KΛ KA CE AY, laureate head right, L Γ (year 3) right; reverse draped bust of Serapis right, kalathos on head; the best of this type known to FORVM; very rare; $1000.00 (€940.00)
 


Aezanis, Phrygia, 41 - 54 A.D.

|Aizanis|, |Aezanis,| |Phrygia,| |41| |-| |54| |A.D.||AE| |17|
Aizanis (Aezani, Aizanoi) was an important political and economic center in Roman times. Surviving remains from the period include a well-preserved Temple of Zeus, an unusual combined theater-stadium complex, and a macellum inscribed with the Price Edict of Diocletian.
RP114198. Brass AE 17, RPC Online I 3106 (10 spec.), BMC Phrygia p. 28, 5, VF, broad flan, green patina, light deposits, light marks, weight 3.613 g, maximum diameter 17.2 mm, die axis 0o, Aizanis (Cavdarhisar, Turkey) mint, time of Claudius, 41 - 54 A.D.; obverse ΘEON CYNKΛHTON, draped young bust of Senate right; reverse AIZANITΩN, bust of Artemis right, transverse arrow behind left shoulder pointed up and right; scarce; $120.00 (€112.80)
 


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Nicaea, Bithynia

|Bithynia|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Nicaea,| |Bithynia||AE| |24|
In Recueil Général des Monnaies Grecques d'Asie Mineure (1910), the present coin type was indifferently lumped together with a larger denomination (i.e. both placed under Rec. Gen. 22). Aside from its heavier weight and larger size, the latter can also be identified by Claudius' laureate head and the oak wreath on the reverse, both features of which are shared with an even heftier denomination of the same designs (Rec. Gen 23). This apparently lead to confusion in drafting SNG von Aulock, since they describe the portrait on their coin as laureate, but the plate coin is bare-headed. The editors of RPC I did a much better job of sorting out all three denominations, but curiously remained silent on distinguishing the oak wreath from laurel wreath on the reverse.
ME113256. Brass AE 24, RPC Online I 2045 (12 spec.); SNG Cop 469; Rec Gen 22 (see notes); SNGvA 737 corr. (laureate head), F/aF, attractive portrait for the grade, nice patina with pleasant contrasts, rev. weakly struck, weight 6.499 g, maximum diameter 24.1 mm, die axis 180o, Nicaea (Iznik, Turkey) mint, c. 48 - 49 A.D.; obverse TI KΛAYΔIOΣ KAIΣAP ΣEBAΣTOΣ ΓEPMANIKOΣ, bare head left; reverse Λ MINΔIOΣ / BAΛBOΣ AN/ΘYΠATOC (L Mindius Balbus proconsul) in three lines, (NEIKAIA monogram) below, all within laurel wreath; rare; $100.00 (€94.00)
 


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Amorium, Phrygia

|Other| |Phrygia|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Amorium,| |Phrygia||AE| |19|
Amorium was founded in the Hellenistic period. Little is known of the early history of the city but it flourished under the Byzantine Empire until its decline after the Arab sack of 838. Its ruins are located near the village of Hisarköy, Turkey.
RP113274. Bronze AE 19, RPC Online I 5457 (added post publication, 4 spec.), BMC Phrygia - (1850, 0326.126), SNG Cop -, F, dark green patina, highlighting deposits, porosity, scratches, weight 4.826 g, maximum diameter 18.6 mm, die axis 180o, Amorion (Hisarkoy, Turkey) mint, 25 Jan 41 - 13 Oct 54 A.D.; obverse NEPWN KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP, laureate head left; reverse Zeus seated left, fulmen (thunderbolt) in right hand, long sceptre vertical in left hand, EΠI MAPKOY downward on right, KAI below, TITOY ΛAV/TIWN in two upward lines on left, AMP ligature upper left; only two sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; extremely rare; $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Judaea, Antonius Felix, Roman Procurator under Claudius and Nero, 52 - 60 A.D.

|Antonius| |Felix|, |Judaea,| |Antonius| |Felix,| |Roman| |Procurator| |under| |Claudius| |and| |Nero,| |52| |-| |60| |A.D.||prutah|NEW
In 54 A.D., violence erupted in Caesarea in response to a local ordinance restricting the rights of Jews. Jews and pagans clashed. The Roman garrison, made up of Syrians, sided with the pagans. Jews, armed with clubs and swords, gathered in the marketplace. Antonius Felix ordered his troops to charge. Violence continued and Felix asked Nero to arbitrate. Nero, sided with the pagans only increasing the Jews' anger.
JD114536. Bronze prutah, Hendin 6376; Meshorer TJC 342; BMC Palestine p. 261, 1; Sofaer pl. 220, 62; RPC I 4970, VF, highlighting earthen deposits, obv. edge beveled, flan partially squared by sprue cuts, weight 2.347 g, maximum diameter 16.7 mm, die axis 0o, Jerusalem mint, under Claudius, 54 A.D.; obverse IOY/ΛIA AΓ/PIΠΠI/NA (Julia Agrippina [wife of Claudius]) in four lines within a wreath tied at the bottom with an X; reverse TI KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP ΓEPM (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Germanicus), two crossed palm fronds, L IΔ (year 14) below; $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Cotiaeum, Phrygia

|Other| |Phrygia|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Cotiaeum,| |Phrygia||AE| |20|NEW
Cotiaeum was founded on the upper Tembris River situated at a major crossroads in Phrygia Epictetus. The modern site is at Kütahya.
RB114675. Brass AE 20, BMC Phrygia p. 163, 29 (same rev. die); RPC I 3220; SNG Cop 320; SNGvA 3777; Waddington 5891, aVF, green patina, earthen deposits, cleaning scratches, corrosion, flan crack, weight 3.801 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 0o, Cotiaeum (Kutahya, Turkey) mint, magistrate Varus (son of the City), 50 - 54 A.D.; obverse KOTIAEIΣ KΛAYΔION KAIΣAPA, laureate head right; reverse EΠI OYAPOY YIOY ΠOΛEΩΣ, Zeus standing facing, head left, nude, right hand extended, left hand at side; $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Gadara, Decapolis

|Decapolis,| |Arabia| |&| |Syria|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Gadara,| |Decapolis||AE| |18|
Gadara (Um Qais, Jordan), located on a mountain summit about 6 miles south-east of the Sea of Galilee, was the capital of the Roman province Peraea. The local era of Gadara (Pompeian) began in 64 B.C. Mark (5:1) and Luke (8:26-39) describe the miracle healing of a demoniac (Matthew [8:28-34] says two demoniacs) in the country of the Gadarenes.The Decapolis
RB99934. Bronze AE 18, RPC Online I 4816 (16 spec.); Rosenberger 21; Spijkerman 16; SNG ANS 1294; Sofaer 14, F, dark patina, highlighting earthen deposits, weight 4.719 g, maximum diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 0o, Gadara (Um Qais, Jordan) mint, 44 - 45 A.D.; obverse CEBACTOC, laureate head right; reverse ΓAΔAPA, turreted and veiled bust of Tyche right, date LHP (year 108) before her; $80.00 (€75.20)
 


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Cadi, Phrygia

|Other| |Phrygia|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Cadi,| |Phrygia||AE| |20|
Cadi (Gediz, Turkey) was near the sources of the Hermus at the foot of Mount Dindymus. Gediz suffered major earthquakes in 1866, 1896, 1944, and 1970. The 7.2 magnitude earthquake on 28 March 1970 killed 1,086 people and left 1,260 people wounded and many thousands homeless. The town was relocated after the destruction to a new place 7 km away under the name "Yeni Gediz" (Turkish: New Gediz).
RP112132. Bronze AE 20, RPC Online I 3062; SNG Cop 246; SNGvA3685; SNG Lewis 1523; BMC Phrygia p. 120, 18; c/m: Howgego 309, F, dark patina, weight 4.886 g, maximum diameter 19.9 mm, die axis 0o, Cadi (Gediz, Turkey) mint, stephanephoro Meliton Asklepiadou, c. 50 - 54 A.D.; obverse KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP (counterclockwise from lower right), laureate head right; countermark: Capricorn right in an oval punch; reverse EΠI MEΛITΩNOC ACKΛHΠIAΔOY (under authority of Meliton, son of Asklepiados), Zeus standing left, eagle in right hand, long scepter in left hand, CTEΦAN monogram (stephanephoros, magistrate title) in lower left field; from Shawn Caza former diplomat, author of A Handbook of Late Roman Coins (Spink, 2021), collection assembled during postings and international travel; ex Dorotheum Vienna; $80.00 (€75.20)
 


Claudius, 41 - 54 A.D., Amorion, Phrygia, Unofficial Imitative

|Other| |Phrygia|, |Claudius,| |41| |-| |54| |A.D.,| |Amorion,| |Phrygia,| |Unofficial| |Imitative||AE| |20|
 
RP112233. Bronze AE 20, cf. RPC I 3237.10 (also imitative); SNGvA 3399 (official); BMC Phrygia p. 51, 28 (official); Lindgren 878 (official), VF, struck with crude dies, weight 4.49 g, maximum diameter 20 mm, unofficial (tribal?) mint, 41 - 54 A.D.; obverse blundered Greek legend, laureate head right; inscribed or punched rays(?) above portrait; reverse blundered Greek legend, eagle standing right on uncertain object (branch?), head right, wings closed; $80.00 (€75.20)
 




  



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OBVERSE LEGENDS

DIVVSCLAVDIVSAVGVSTVS
TICLAVDCAES
TICLAVDCAESAVG
TICLAVDCAESARAVGGERPMTRP
TICLAVDCAESARAVGGERMPMTRP
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPIII
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPIIII
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPVIIMPXI
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPVIIIIMPXVI
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPVIIIIIMPXVI
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPVIIIIIMPXVII
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPVIIIIIMPXVIII
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPXPP
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPXIMPPP
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPXPPIMPXVIII
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPXIIMPPPCOSV
TICLAVDCAESARAVGPMTRPXIPPIMPXVIII
TICLAVDIVSCAESARAVG
TICLAVDIVSCAESARAVGPMTRPIMP
TICLAVDIVSCAESARAVGPMTRPIMPPP
TICLAVDCAESARAVGGERMPMTRIBPOTPP (WITH AGRIPPINA JUNIOR)


REFERENCES

American Numismatic Society (ANS) Collections Database Online - http://numismatics.org/search/search
Banti, A. & L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
Burnett, A., M. Amandry & P. Ripollès. Roman Provincial Coinage I: From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AD 69). (London, 1992 and supplement).
Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, Vol. One: From the Republic to Pertinax, 196 BC - 193 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, Vol. One: From the Republic to Pertinax, 196 BC - 193 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cayón, J. Los Sestercios del Imperio Romano, Vol. I: De Pompeyo Magno a Matidia (Del 81 a.C. al 117 d.C.). (Madrid, 1984).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 1: Pompey to Domitian. (Paris, 1880).
Giard, J-B. Monnaies de L'Empire Romain II: De Tebère à Néron. Catalogue Bibliothèque nationale de France. (Paris, 1988).
Mattingly, H. & R. Carson. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum, Vol 1: Augustus to Vitellius. (London, 1923).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. I. Augustus to Nerva. (Oxford, 1962).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, The Millennium Edition, Volume One, The Republic and the Twelve Caesars 280 BC - AD 86. (London, 2000).
Sutherland, C. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. I, From 39 BC to AD 69. (London, 1984).
Toynbee, J. Roman medallions. ANSNS 5. (New York, 1944).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).
von Kaenel, H.-M. "Britannicus, Agrippina Minor und Nero in Thrakien" in SNR 63 (1984).
von Kaenel, H.-M. Münzprägung und Münzbildnis des Claudius. AMUGS XI. (Berlin, 1986).

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