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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Tetrarchy||View Options:  |  |  |   

Roman Coins of the Tetrarchy
Maximian, 286 - 305, 306 - 308, and 310 A.D.

|Maximian|, |Maximian,| |286| |-| |305,| |306| |-| |308,| |and| |310| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Jupiter or Jove, Zeus to the Greeks, was the king of the gods and god of the sky and thunder, and of laws and social order. As the patron deity of ancient Rome, he was the chief god of the Capitoline Triad, with his sister and wife Juno. The father of Mars, he is, therefore, the grandfather of Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome. Emperors frequently made vows to Jupiter for protection. The Roman's believed as the king of the gods, Jupiter favored emperors and kings, those in positions of authority similar to his own.
SL113478. Billon antoninianus, RIC V-2 p. 284, 558; Cohen VI p. 525, 333; SRCV IV 13140; Hunter IV - (p. clxxxviii), NGC Ch VF, strike 4/5, surface 4/5 (2412817-040), weight 3.64 g, maximum diameter 23 mm, die axis 180o, 2nd officina, Ticinum (Pavia, Italy) mint, 292 - 293 A.D.; obverse IMP C M A VAL MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse IOVI CONSERVAT (to Jupiter the protector), Jupiter standing left, head left, nude but for paludamentum over shoulder and behind on back, fulmen (thunderbolt) in right hand, long scepter vertical in right hand, SXXIT in exergue; from a Virginia Collector, ex Holgate Numismatics (Andrea Main, Fairlawn, VA, 02 Dec 2014); NGC| Lookup; $120.00 (€112.80)


Galerius, 1 March 305 - 5 May 311 A.D.

|Galerius|, |Galerius,| |1| |March| |305| |-| |5| |May| |311| |A.D.||follis|
In Roman religion, every man has a genius, a presiding spirit. In De Die Natali, Censorinus says, from the moment we are born, we live under the guard and tutelage of Genius. Cities, organizations, and peoples also had a genius. On coins, we find inscriptions to the Genius of the Army, of the Senate, of the Emperor, etc. The legend GENIO POPVLI ROMANI dedicates this coin to the Genius of the Roman People. Genius' image is of a man with a cloak half covering the shoulders leaving the rest of his body naked, holding a cornucopia in one hand, and a simpulum or a patera in the other.
RT112738. Billon follis, RIC VI Serdica p. 499, 35; SRCV IV 14506, Cohen VII 40, Hunter V p. 62, 8 var. (3rd officina), Choice VF, well centered, green patina, light porosity, weight 5.735 g, maximum diameter 26.5 mm, die axis 180o, 2nd officina, Serdica (Sofia, Bulgaria) mint, late 307 - 308 A.D.; obverse GAL MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse GENIO AVGVSTI (to the guardian spirit of the Emperor), Genius standing half left, kalathos on head, nude but for chlamys over left shoulder, pouring offering from patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, star lower left, B right, •SM•SD• in exergue; $110.00 (€103.40)


Maximian, 286 - 305, 306 - 308, and 310 A.D.

|Maximian|, |Maximian,| |286| |-| |305,| |306| |-| |308,| |and| |310| |A.D.||follis| |(large)|
In 305 A.D. the capital of the Western Empire was moved from Rome to Milan.
RT113191. Billon follis (large), RIC VI Roma 111b, SRCV IV 13291, Cohen VI 502, Hunter V -, Choice gVF, well centered, dark patina, highlighting deposits, flan split/crack, weight 9.721 g, maximum diameter 29.0 mm, die axis 180o, 2nd officina, Rome mint, 303 - 305 A.D.; obverse IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse SAC MON VRB AVGG ET CAESS NN, Moneta standing slightly left, head left, scales in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, R crescent S in exergue; from the Michael Arslan Collection; $110.00 (€103.40)


Maximinus II Daia, May 310 - 30 April 313 A.D.

|Maximinus| |II|, |Maximinus| |II| |Daia,| |May| |310| |-| |30| |April| |313| |A.D.||follis|
In Roman religion, every man has a genius, a presiding spirit. In De Die Natali, Censorinus says, from the moment we are born, we live under the guard and tutelage of Genius. Cities, organizations, and peoples also had a genius. On coins, we find inscriptions to the Genius of the Army, of the Senate, of the Roman People, etc. The legend GENIO IMPERATORIS dedicates this coin to the Genius of the Imperators. Genius' image is of a man with a cloak half covering the shoulders leaving the rest of his body naked, holding a cornucopia in one hand, and a simpulum or a patera in the other.
RT113201. Billon follis, Hunter V p. 102, 60 (also 6th officina); RIC VI Antiochia p. 636, 133c; Cohen VII p. 147, 55; SRCV IV 14851, Choice gVF, well centered, attractive Syrian desert patina, weight 6.546 g, maximum diameter 23.7 mm, die axis 0o, 6th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 310 A.D.; obverse IMP C GAL VAL MAXIMINVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse GENIO IMPERATORIS (to the guardian spirit of the Emperor as Commander in Chief), Genius standing slightly left, head left, nude but for chlamys over shoulders and left arm, kalathos on head, pouring libations from patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, altar at feet on left, star upper left, S right, ANT in exergue; from the Michael Arslan Collection, ex Sol Numismatik auction XVI (5 Aug 2023), lot 478; $110.00 (€103.40)


Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.

|Licinius| |I|, |Licinius| |I,| |11| |November| |308| |-| |18| |September| |324| |A.D.||follis|
In early in December 316, to ensure his loyalty, Licinius elevated Aurelius Valerius Valens, the dux limitis (duke of the frontier) in Dacia, to the rank of Augustus. According to Petrus Patricius, when Constantine learned of this "The emperor made clear the extent of his rage by his facial expression and by the contortion of his body. Almost unable to speak, he said, 'We have not come to this present state of affairs, nor have we fought and triumphed from the ocean till where we have now arrived, just so that we should refuse to have our own brother-in-law as joint ruler because of his abominable behavior, and so that we should deny his close kinship, but accept that vile slave [Valens] with him into imperial college.'" The treaty between Constantine and Licinius was concluded at Serdica on 1 March, 317. Whether it was part of that agreement is unknown, but Licinius had Valens executed.
RL112084. Billon follis, Hunter V 243 (also 2nd officina), RIC VII Alexandria 18, SRCV IV 15248, Cohen VII 108, EF, black patina, some strike weakness in centers, weight 3.638 g, maximum diameter 21.4 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Alexandria mint, 316 - 317 A.D.; obverse IMP C VAL LICIN LICINIVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG (to Jupiter the protector of the two emperors), Jupiter standing left, nude but for chlamys over left shoulder, Victory on globe offering wreath in right hand, long scepter in left hand, eagle with wreath in beak at feet left, K left, wreath / X / B right, ALE in exergue; from the Michael Arslan Collection; scarce (R1); $90.00 (€84.60)


Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.

|Licinius| |I|, |Licinius| |I,| |11| |November| |308| |-| |18| |September| |324| |A.D.||follis|
In 320 A.D., Licinius reneged on the religious freedom promised by the Edict of Milan, and began a new persecution of Christians in the Eastern Roman Empire. He destroyed churches, imprisoned Christians and confiscated their property.
RL112086. Billon follis, Hunter V 138 (also 1st officina); RIC VII Nicomedia p. 604, 24 (R1), SRCV IV 15236, Cohen VII 116, Choice VF, black patina, well centered, weight 3.023 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Nicomedia (Izmit, Turkey) mint, 317 - 318 A.D.; obverse IMP LICINVS AVG, laureate consular bust left, mappa in right hand, globe and scepter in left hand; reverse IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG (to Jove the protector of the two Emperors), Jupiter standing left, nude but for chlamys over shoulder, crowned by Victory on globe in right hand, long scepter in left hand, palm frond lower left, A right, SMN in exergue; first specimen of this type handled by FORVM, from the Michael Arslan Collection; scarce; $90.00 (€84.60)


Maximinus II Daia, May 310 - 30 April 313 A.D., Antioch, Syria, Civic Christian Persecution Issue

|Antioch|, |Maximinus| |II| |Daia,| |May| |310| |-| |30| |April| |313| |A.D.,| |Antioch,| |Syria,| |Civic| |Christian| |Persecution| |Issue||quarter| |follis|NEW
In 311, after the death of Galerius in late April or May, representatives from Nicomedia presented themselves before Maximinus, bringing images of their gods and requested that Christians not be allowed to live in their city. Late in 311, an embassy from Antioch, led by their curator Theotecnus, also requested permission to banish Christians from their city and its territory. Other cities followed with the same request. Maximinus support for Antioch's requests is advertised by this coin type. Fearing his co-emperors, however, Maximinus changed his mind. His edict in May 313 restored privileges and property to Christians. Later in 313, Licinius captured Antioch and executed Theotecnus.
RT114686. Billon quarter follis, McAlee 170(b), Van Heesch 3(a), Vagi 2954, SRCV IV 14927, VF, near centered on a tight flan, highlighting earthen deposits, rev. weakly struck, weight 1.602 g, maximum diameter 15.2 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, c. 312 A.D.; obverse GENIO ANTIOCHENI, Tyche of Antioch seated facing on rocks, turreted and veiled, stalks of grain in right; upper body of river-god Orontes below, standing facing in waist deep water, arms outstretched; reverse APOLLONI SANCTO, Apollo standing left, patera in right hand, kithara (lyre) in left hand, B right, SMA in exergue; $90.00 (€84.60)


Galerius, 1 March 305 - 5 May 311 A.D.

|Galerius|, |Galerius,| |1| |March| |305| |-| |5| |May| |311| |A.D.||follis| |(large)|
In Roman religion, every man has a genius, a presiding spirit. In De Die Natali, Censorinus says, from the moment we are born, we live under the guard and tutelage of Genius. Cities, organizations, and peoples also had a genius. On coins, we find inscriptions to the Genius of the Army, of the Senate, of the Emperor, etc. The legend GENIO POPVLI ROMANI dedicates this coin to the Genius of the Roman People. Genius' image is of a man with a cloak half covering the shoulders leaving the rest of his body naked, holding a cornucopia in one hand, and a simpulum or a patera in the other.
RB112729. Billon follis (large), RIC VI Heraclea 24b, SRCV IV 14542, Cohen VII 81, Hunter V 15 var. (5th officina), Choice VF, well centered, green patina, traces of silvering, porosity, edge crack/split, weight 8.367 g, maximum diameter 27.6 mm, die axis 180o, Heraclea (Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey) mint, 1 May 305 - 25 Jul 306 A.D.; obverse IMP C GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, head laureate right; reverse GENIO POPVLI ROMANI (to the guardian spirit of the Roman People), Genius standing slightly left, head left, nude but for chlamys over shoulders and left arm, kalathos on head, pouring libations from patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, HTΔ in exergue; $80.00 (€75.20)


Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.

|Licinius| |I|, |Licinius| |I,| |11| |November| |308| |-| |18| |September| |324| |A.D.||follis|
On 3 July 324, at Adrianople, Constantine defeated Licinius forcing him to retreat to Byzantium. Crispus destroyed Licinius' fleet at the Battle of Hellespont in the Dardanelles, allowing his father to cross over the Bosporus and besiege Licinius. On 18 September, Constantine I decisively defeated Licinius at the Battle of Chrysopolis and became sole emperor.
RT112896. Billon follis, Hunter V 118 (also 2nd officina), RIC VII Heraclea 52 (R1), SRCV IV 15222, Cohen VII 74, Choice gVF, earthen deposits, weight 3.437 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Heraclea (Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey) mint, 321 - 324 A.D.; obverse IMP C VAL LICIN LICINIVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse IOVI CONSERVATORI (to Jupiter the protector), Jupiter standing slightly left, head left, Victory on globe presenting wreath in right hand, long eagle-topped scepter vertical behind in left, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left, X/IIΓ right, SMHB in exergue; $80.00 (€75.20)


Maximinus II Daia, May 310 - 30 April 313 A.D.

|Maximinus| |II|, |Maximinus| |II| |Daia,| |May| |310| |-| |30| |April| |313| |A.D.||follis|NEW
"This reverse is modeled after the famous statue of the Spirit of the Roman People in the Roman Forum. It is unclear when this statue was last seen as it is now lost. Although the coins celebrate a wide range of spirits (e.g., Rome, Augustus, the Army, etc.), the basic design comes from the same statue." -- Roman Bronze Coins From Paganism to Christianity 294-364 A.D. by Victor Failmezger
RT113902. Billon follis, RIC VI Alexandria p. 682, 135b; SRCV IV 14823; Cohen VII 2; Hunter V -, gVF, well centered, green patina, marks, rough areas of mild corrosion, weight 6.658 g, maximum diameter 26.2 mm, die axis 180o, 3rd officina, Alexandria mint, c. 311 - 312 A.D.; obverse IMP C GALER VAL MAXIMINVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse BONO GENIO PII IMPERATORIS (to the good guardian spirit of the pious Emperor), Genius standing slightly left, head left, kalathos on head, nude but for chlamys over shoulders and left arm, patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, crescent horns up upper left, Γ (3rd officina) upper right, K - P flanking across lower fields, ALE in exergue; ex Rönesans Salzgitter auction 2 (30 Jun 2023), lot 450; $80.00 (€75.20)




  







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