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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Heros| ▸ |Romulus||View Options:  |  |  | 

Romulus

Romulus and Remus are the mythical twin founders of Rome. Their grandfather was Numitor, king of Alba Longa, a descendant of the Trojan Prince Aeneas and father to their mother, Rhea Silvia. Numitor's brother Amulius deposed him, killed his sons and forced Rhea to become a Vestal Virgin, but Rhea conceived Romulus and Remus by Mars (or Hercules). Amulius exposed the newborns to die but a she-wolf found and suckled them. A shepherd and his wife raised them to manhood. The twins were natural leaders, and acquired many followers. When told their true identities, they killed Amulius, restored Numitor to the throne of Alba Longa and decided to found a new city for themselves. Romulus wished to build the new city on the Palatine Hill but Remus preferred the Aventine Hill. They agreed to determine the site through augury. Romulus received the more favorable signs but each claimed the results in his favor. Remus was killed in the dispute. Romulus named the new city Rome, after himself, and created the Roman Legions and the Roman Senate. Rome's population was swelled by landless refugees and outlaws, mostly men. They abducted women from the neighboring Sabine tribes, which led to war but eventually resulted the Sabines and Romans joining. In later life Romulus became increasingly autocratic, disappeared in mysterious circumstances and was deified as the god Quirinus, the divine persona of the Roman people. Ancient historians had no doubt that Romulus gave his name to the city. Most modern historians believe the mythological narrative is mostly or entirely fiction.

|Romulus|, |Romulus,| |Son| |of| |Maxentius,| |Died| |309| |A.D.||half| |follis|
David Sear identifies this simple round building without columns as the Sepulcher of Divus Romulus. The ruins of this tomb, which are sometimes erroneously called the stables of the Circus of Caracalla, are situated in a large quadrilateral enclosure forming part of the villa of Maxentius on the Appian way, about one mile from the gate of S. Sebastian.
RT84362. Billon half follis, Hunter V 8, RIC VI Ostia 59, Cohen VII 9, SRCV IV 15051, gF, well centered, porous, weight 5.949 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 180o, 3rd officina, Ostia (port of Rome) mint, late 309 - 310 A.D.; obverse DIVO ROMVLO N V BIS CONS, bare head right; reverse AETERNAE MEMORIAE, Sepulcher of Divus Romulus, brick facade, dome-shaped roof, no columns, right door open, surmounted by eagle with spread wings, MOSTT in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Romulus|, |Romulus,| |Son| |of| |Maxentius,| |Died| |309| |or| |310| |A.D.||follis|
The Temple of Divus Romulus on the Via Sacra, and adjoining the Basilica Maxentius, was unfinished at the time of the usurper Maxentius' downfall in 312 A.D. Both structures were completed under Constantine. The temple presumably was dedicated to the founder of the city rather than to Maxentius' son.
RT87279. Billon follis, RIC VI Ostia 33, Cohen VII 1, SRCV IV 15045, Hunter V 6 var. (3rd officina), F, well centered, brown tone, weak centers, obverse die break, light corrosion, weight 6.209 g, maximum diameter 24.2 mm, die axis 135o, 1st officina, Ostia (port of Rome) mint, late 309 - Oct 312 A.D.; obverse IMP MAXENTIVS DIVO ROMVLO N V FILIO, bare head of Romulus right; reverse AETERNA MEMORIA, Temple of Divus Romulus with six columns and dome-shaped roof surmounted by eagle, right door open, MOSTP in exergue; very scarce; SOLD


City of Rome Commemorative, 330 - 331 A.D.

|Commemoratives|, |City| |of| |Rome| |Commemorative,| |330| |-| |331| |A.D.||reduced| |centenionalis|
On some high grade examples of the VRBS ROMA series, a certain symbol can be seen or guessed on the shoulder of the wolf. It might look like the letter Θ (at Thessalonica and Alexandria) or a flock of hair, but on this well struck and preserved wolf there is an obvious star with rounded tips, different from the two above. There are no such symbols on earlier depictions (Republic and early empire) of the she-wolf as far as we know.
RL29336. Billon reduced centenionalis, RIC VII Rome 338, LRBC I 540, SRCV IV 16507, Cohen VII 17, Hunter V -, gVF, weight 2.622 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 180o, 4th officina, Rome mint, 330 - 331 A.D.; obverse VRBS ROMA, helmeted bust of Roma left wearing imperial mantle; reverse she-wolf standing left, head turned back right, suckling the infant twins Romulus and Remus, two stars above, RBQ in exergue; rare; SOLD







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