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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Anatolia| ▸ |Galatia||View Options:  |  |  | 

Galatia

Galatia was named for Gauls from Thrace who settled there and became its ruling caste following the Gallic invasion of the Balkans in 279 B.C. The local Cappadocian population was left in control of the towns and most of the land, paying tithes to the new military aristocracy who kept aloof in fortified farmsteads, surrounded by their bands. These Celtic warriors were often hired as mercenary soldiers, sometimes fighting on both sides in the great battles of the times. For decades their war bands ravaged western Asia Minor. About 232 B.C. the Hellenized cities united under king Attalus I of Pergamum, defeated them, and forced them to confine themselves to Galatia. The Galatians were defeated by Rome in 189 B.C. and became a client state of Rome in 64 B.C. During his second missionary journey, St. Paul of Tarsus visited Galatia, where he was detained by sickness (Galatians 4:13). The Galatians were still speaking their language (Gaulish) in the 4th century A.D. Galatia

Ephesos, Ionia (or perhaps Bargylia, Caria or Amyntas, King of Galatia), c. 2nd - 1st Century B.C.

|Ephesos|, |Ephesos,| |Ionia| |(or| |perhaps| |Bargylia,| |Caria| |or| |Amyntas,| |King| |of| |Galatia),| |c.| |2nd| |-| |1st| |Century| |B.C.||trihemiobol|
The type is most often attributed to Ephesos, but the style and denomination/weight do not strongly support any link to that city. NGC tags for the type note the origin may be Bargylia, Caria. The style certainly fits Bargylia better than Ephesos. The consignor of this coin, a professional numismatist, believes it was struck under Amyntas, King of Galatia, 37 - 25 B.C. Amyntas also issued Artemis and stag types.
GS98643. Silver trihemiobol, cf. SNG Davis 270, SNG Cop -, SNG Kayhan -, SNGvA -, BMC Galatia -, aVF, toned, light marks and scratches, weight 1.337 g, maximum diameter 12.3 mm, die axis 0o, Ephesos (near Selçuk, Turkey) mint, c. 2nd - 1st Century B.C.; obverse draped bust of Artemis right, quiver at shoulder; reverse forepart of stag right, head turned back left; extremely rare; $310.00 (€291.40)
 


Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Koinon of Galatia, Galatia

|Galatia|, |Nero,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.,| |Koinon| |of| |Galatia,| |Galatia||AE| |20|
In 25 B.C., Augustus raised Ankara to the status of a polis and made it the capital city of the Roman province of Galatia. Ankara is famous for the Monumentum Ancyranum (Temple of Augustus and Rome) which contains the official record of the Acts of Augustus, known as the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, an inscription cut in marble on the walls of this temple. An estimated 200,000 people lived in Ancyra in good times during the Roman Empire, a far greater number than was to be the case from after the fall of the Roman Empire until the early 20th century.

Numismatic scholars have long speculated which city in Galatia was the minter of the Koinon of Galatia issues, with reasons to suggest Ancyra, Pessinus, and Tavium. In May 2023, a member of the FORVM Ancient Coins Discussion Board asked for help in identifying a Roman provincial of Galba with a temple reverse that he believed was a product of Tavium. Quite surprisingly, its actual origin was Ancyra and its strong resemblance to RPC I 3566, a Koinon of Galatia issue struck under Galba, was unmistakable. The Ancyra coin, still unpublished on RPC Online and the earliest attested Roman provincial issue of the city, also bore an owl countermark (Howgego 468). This mark was previously known only from the Koinon of Galatia coinages of Nero and Galba, thus adding even more evidence in favor of Ancyra as the Koinon minter/issuer.
RP114405. Bronze AE 20, RPC Online 3563A (6 spec., otherwise apparently unpublished) , VF, green patina, smooth surfaces except for the occasional tiny pit, a handsome specimen, weight 4.577 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 0o, Ancyra (Ankara, Turkey) mint, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D.; obverse NEPΩNOΣ ΣEBAΣTOY, laureate head right; reverse ΣEBAΣTH, Nike striding left, wreath in extended right hand, palm frond in left hand; very rare; $200.00 (€188.00)
 


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Pessinus, Galatia

|Galatia|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Pessinus,| |Galatia||AE| |30|
Unpublished in the references examined. This reverse is known from Pessinus for his brother Geta (BMC Galatia p. 23, 31).
RP110458. Brass AE 30, Apparently unpublished; BMC Galatia -, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, Lindgren -, Choice gVF, fantastic portrait, attractive contrasts, central dimples, weight 14.695 g, maximum diameter 30.1 mm, die axis 0o, Pessinus (Ballihisar, Turkey) mint, c. 211 A.D.; obverse ANTΩNINOC AVΓOVCTOC, Laureate and cuirassed bust left, holding spear; reverse ΠEXXIN-OΣ-NTI<Θ>ΩN, Homonoia standing facing, head left, patera in left hand, cornucopia in right hand, flaming column altar at feet on left; Coin Archives records only one specimen of the type at auction in the last two decades; extremely rare; SOLD


Galba, 3 April 68 - 15 January 69 A.D., Koinon of Galatia

|Galatia|, |Galba,| |3| |April| |68| |-| |15| |January| |69| |A.D.,| |Koinon| |of| |Galatia||AE| |21|
RP63431. Bronze AE 21, RPC I 3566 (citing only 2 examples); c/m: Howgego 348 (5 pcs), F, weight 6.918 g, maximum diameter 20.6 mm, die axis 0o, obverse ΓAΛBAC CEBACTOC, bare head left, c/m: owl standing right in circular punch; reverse CEBACTWN, hexastyle temple, pellet in center intercolumniation, shield in pediment; rare type and countermark; ex CNG auction 206; lot 343, ex D. Alighieri Collection; SOLD







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DEVREKER, J. "LES MONNAIES DE PESSINONTE" IN HOMAGE LAMBRECHTS (BRUGGE, 1984), PP. 173–215.REFERENCES

Arslan, M. The Coins of Galatian Kingdom and the Roman Coinage of Ancyra in Galatia. (Ankara, 2004).
Arslan, M. "The Roman Coinage of Ancyra in Galatia" in Nomismata 1 (1997).
Burnett, A., M. Amandry, et al. Roman Provincial Coinage. (London, 1992 - ).
Devreker, J. "Les monnaies de Pessinonte" in Homage Lambrechts. (Brugge, 1984), pp. 173–215.
Forrer, L. Descriptive Catalogue of the Collection of Greek Coins formed by Sir Hermann Weber, Vol III, Part 2. (London, 1926).
Grose, S. Catalogue of the McClean Collection of Greek Coins, Fitzwilliam Museum, Vol. III: Asia Minor, Farther Asia, Egypt, Africa. (Cambridge, 1929).
Hoover, O. Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Anatolia, Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, Lykaonia, and Kappadokia...Fifth to First Centuries BC. HGC 7. (Lancaster, PA, 2012).
Imhoof-Blumer, F. Kleinasiatische Münzen. (Vienna, 1901 - 1902).
Imhoof-Blumer, F. Zur griechischen und römischen Münzkunde. (Geneva, 1908).
Lindgren, H. & F. Kovacs. Ancient Bronze Coins of Asia Minor and the Levant. (San Mateo, 1985).
Lindgren, H. Lindgren III: Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993).
Mionnet, T. Description de Médailles antiques grecques et romaines, Vol. IV. (Paris, 1809).
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Vol. 2: Asia and Africa. (London, 1979).
Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Volume 7: Cyprus to India. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Münzsammlung Universität Tübingen, |Part 6: Phrygien-Kappadokien; Römische Provinzprägungen in Kleinasien. (Berlin, 1998).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Sammlung Hans Von Aulock, Vol. 3: Pisidia, Lycaonia, Cilicia, Galatia, Cappadocia, Cyprus, [etc.]. (Berlin, 1964).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, France, Cabinet des Médailles, Bibliothéque Nationale, Vol. 3: Pamphylia, Pisidia, Lycaonia, Galatia. (Paris, 1994).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Österreich, Sammlung Leypold, Kleinasiatische Münzen der Kaiserzeit. Vol. II: Phrygia - Commagene. (Vienna, 2004).
Wroth, W. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Galatia, Cappadocia, and Syria. (London, 1899).

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