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Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius was originally a fleet commander sent by the first Tetrarchs to rid the Northern seas of Saxon and Frankish pirates. He soon turned to piracy himself, before fleeing to Britain and declaring himself emperor. His natural cunning enabled him to resist all attempts to dislodge him. In 293 Constantius I captured his continental stronghold of Boulogne. Soon after Carausius was murdered by his chief minister Allectus.
Also see: ERIC - CARAUSIUS
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Askew, G. The Coinage of Roman Britain, 2nd edition. (London, 1980).
Beaujard, E.B. & H. Huvelin. "Le tresor de Rouen et l 'occupation de la Gaule par Carausius" in Histoire et Numismatique en Haut-Normandie. (Caen, 1980). Available Online
Bland, R. "A Hoard of Carausius and Allectus from Burton Latimer" in BNJ 54 (1984), pp. 41 - 50. Available Online
Bourne, R.J. "The Coinage of Carausius and his Colleagues" in
Numismatic Circular 117 (2009), pp. 198 - 206. Available
online
Burnett, A. & J. Casey. A Carausian Hoard from Croydon, Surrey, and a Note on Carausius ' Continental Possessions" in BNJ 54 (1984), pp. 10 - 20.
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King, C.E. "The Unmarked Coins of Carausius" in BNJ 54 (1984), pp. 1 - 9. Available Online
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Carausius| Coins| Sold| by Forum| Ancient| Coins
Mauseus ' Carausius Gallery in RIC Order (Members ' Gallery)
The sequence and dating below is
based on the sequence and dating first established by P.H. Webb in "The
Linchmere Hoard" in NC 1925, pp. 173 - 235, updated by him
in The Roman Imperial Coinage, Volume V, Part 2 in 1933 and refined by many authors since. Changes to dating proposed here are primarily
based on
recognizing Carausius ' three portrait types and their sequence,
identified by C.E. King in "The Unmarked Coins of Carausius" in BNJ 54 (1984), pp. 1 - 9. An adaption of the relevant portion of King 's article is provided below.
The
most
significant change from previous dating applies to coins with
the
mintmarks CXXI and MCXXI. Previous sequencing and dating associated these issues with the B-E / MLXXI issues from the London mint, with dating from 288 to 291. However, all official coins with these mintmarks have Carausius ' earliest portrait type
and must be dated to 286 or 287.
RIC and other references list many examples with IMP CARAVSIVS... obverse legends and a S-C / [ ] or a S-C / C mintmark. Whenever a plate coin is provided, the listings appears to be in error and the actual legend is IMP C CARAVSIVS... Of the thousands of Carausius coin images we have examined, we found only two examples that might have official style. It is almost certain that these coins are unofficial but perhaps some are official mule or engraving errors that should have an obverse legend beginning IMP C CARAVSIVS...
Coins with mintmarks that are not listed below are very likely unofficial, some may be official but irregular or trial strikes, and some are certainly the result of engraving errors, filled dies, or strike errors.Unmarked Mint (traveling mint located with the court of Carausius?)
BRI, mustache portrait, great rarity (c. mid 286) [less than a dozen known, or Londinium?]
RSR, mustache portrait, extremely rare (c. mid 286) [or Londinium? or Rouen?]
Unmarked, mustache portrait, very common (c. mid 286 - 287)
Unmarked, middle portrait, very rare (c. 288 - 291)
Londinium (London, England)
XX, XXX, mustache portrait, rare (c. mid 286 - early 287)
ML, mustache portrait, common, (c. 287)
ML, middle portrait, common (c. 288)
L-[ ] / ML, middle portrait, common (c. 288)
F-O / ML, middle portrait, very common (c. 289)
B-E / MLXXI, middle portrait, very common (c. late 289 - 291)
Camulodunum (Colchester, England)
CXXI, MCXXI, mustache portrait, common (c. mid 286 - early 287)C, MC, mustache portrait, scarce (c. 287) [MC is very scarce]
C, MC, middle portrait, very common (c. 288 - 291) [MC is very scarce]
SMC, MSC, MSCC, middle portrait, scarce (c. 288 - 291)
Unmarked Mint (traveling mint located with the court of Carausius?)
Unmarked, middle portrait, scarce (c. 291)
S-C / [ ], middle portrait, very common (c. 291 - mid 292)
S-P
/ [ ], SP, tetrarchic portrait, common (c. mid 292 - early summer 293) [long neck portrait variety]
Londinium (London, England)
B-E / MLXXI, middle portrait, common (c. 291)S-P / MLXXI, tetrarchic portrait, very common (c. 292 - early 293)
S-P / ML, tetrarchic portrait, scarce, (c. early 293 - early summer 293) [S-P / ML continued by Allectus.]
Camulodunum (Colchester, England)
S-C / C, middle portrait, very common (c. 291 - mid 292)
S-P / C, S-P / MC, SPC, tetrarchic portrait, common (c. mid 292 - early summer 293) [SPC used on types without space in fields, S-P / C continued by Allectus.]
Rotomagus (Rouen, France)
R, OPR, continental portrait, rare (c. first half of 293)1) Early reign 'moustache ' portrait (c. mid 286 - 287). In the first type, Carausius is bearded and has a full moustache (e.g. Nos. 24-28 and 48-50). The 'moustache ' portrait seems to occur mainly on C mint coins and unmarked pieces, and only very rarely on L mint pieces. At the C mint this portrait is restricted to the CXXI and MCXXI marks. The middle reign portrait is accompanied by legends beginning IMP CARAVSIVS.
2) Middle reign portrait (c. 288 - 291). In the second portrait type, Carausius is still bearded but his moustache is either non-existent or else much less emphatic (e.g. Nos. 29-30, 33-34, and 40-43). His neck is longer and some examples have some tetrarchic aspects. This middle reign portrait style occurs commonly on L mint, C mint, and unmarked coins. The middle reign portrait is accompanied by legends beginning IMP CARAVSIVS or IMP C CARAVSIVS.
Inscriptions referred to by number |
Busts referred to by letter |