PaphlagoniaBabelon, E. Traité des Monnaies Grecques et Romaines. (Paris, 1901-1932). Bloesch, H. Griechische Münzen In Winterthur, Vol. 2: Bosporus, Pontus, Armenia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Mysia, Troas, Phrygia... (Winterthur, 1987). Brett, A.B. Catalogue of Greek Coins, Boston Museum of Fine Arts. (Boston, 1955). de Callata˙, F. “Le premier monnayage de la cité d’Amastris (Paphlagonie)” in SNR 2004. Head, B. A Catalogue of Greek Coins in the British Museum, Phrygia. (London, 1906). Hoover, O. Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Anatolia, Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia...5th to 1st Centuries BC. HGC 7. (Lancaster, PA, 2012). Imhoof-Blumer, F. Kleinasiatische Münzen. (Vienna, 1901-2). Imhoof-Blumer, F. Zur griechischen und römischen Münzkunde. (Geneva, 1908). Lindgren, H. Lindgren III: Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993). Lindgren, H. & F. Kovacs. Ancient Bronze Coins of Asia Minor and the Levant. (San Mateo, 1985). Mildenberg, L. & S. Hurter, eds. The Dewing Collection of Greek Coins. ACNAC 6. (New York, 1985). Newell, E.T. The Alexandrine Coinage of Sinope. (New York, 1919). Price, M.J. The Coinage in the name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. (Zurich-London, 1991). Radet, G. En Phrygie. (Paris, 1893). Reinach, T. L'histoire par les monnaies: essais de numismatique ancienne. (Paris, 1902). Reinach, T. Numismatique Ancienne: Trois Royaumes De L'asie Mineure, Cappadoce-Bithynie-Pont. (Paris, 1888). Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Vol. 2: Asia and Africa. (London, 1979). Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982). Strauss, P. Collection Maurice Laffaille - monnaies grecques en bronze. (Bŕle, 1990). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 4: Bosporus - Lesbos. (West Milford, NJ, 1982). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, München Staatlische Münzsammlung, Part| 24: Phrygien. (Berlin, 1989). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Münzsammlung Universität Tübingen, Part| 6: Phrygien-Kappadokien; Römische Provinzprägungen in Kleinasien. (Berlin, 1998). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Sammlung Hans Von Aulock, Vol. 2: Caria, Lydia, Phrygia, Lycia, Pamphylia. (Berlin, 1962). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain III, R.C. Lockett Collection, Part 5: Lesbos - Cyrenaica. Addenda. (gold and silver). (London, 1949). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain IV, Fitzwilliam Museum, Leake and General Collections, Part 6: Asia Minor: Pontus-Phrygia. (London, 1965). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain IX, British Museum, Part 1: The Black Sea. (London, 1993). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XI, The William Stancomb Collection of Coins of the Black Sea Region. (Oxford, 2000). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XII, The Hunterian Museum, Univ. of Glasgow, Part 1: Roman Provincial Coins: Spain-Kingdoms of Asia Minor. (Oxford, 2004). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Österreich, Sammlung Leypold, Kleinasiatische Münzen der Kaiserzeit, Vol. II: Phrygia – Commagene. (Vienna, 2004). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Russia, State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts: Coins of the Black Sea Region. (Leuven, Belgium, 2011). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Turkey 5: Tire Museum (Izmir), Vol. 1: Roman Provincial Coins From Ionia, Lydia, Phrygia, etc. (Istanbul, 2011). Waddington, W., E. Babelon and T. Reinach. Recueil Général des Monnaies Grecques d’Asie Minuere, Vol. I. (Paris, 1904-25). Wroth, W. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Pontus, Paphlagonia, Bithynia. (London, 1889).Paphlagonia was an ancient area on the Black Sea coast of north central Anatolia. Abonuteichus, later Ionopolis (Ineboli). Autonomous Ć, time of Mithradates Eupator, obv. Head of Zeus, rev. ΑΒΩΝΟΥ ΤΕΙΧΟΥ Eagle (see R. N., 1900, p. 8, and N. C., 1905, p. 116). Imperial— Trajan to Faustina Junior, inscr., ΑΒΩΝΟΤЄΙΧЄΙΤΩΝ; M. Aurelius to Trebonianus Gallus, inscr., ΙΩΝΟΠΟΛЄΙΤΩΝ. Types: Asklepios and Hygieia; serpent ΓΛΥΚΩΝ; Demeter; Dionysos; Artemis; Wind-god or promontory(?) ΖЄΦΥΡΙC (R. N., 1900, p. 18). Glycon is the serpent-incarnation of Asklepios exhibited by Alexander, the false magician of Abonuteichus. According to Lucian’s life of Alexander, the name of the town was changed from Abonuteichus to Ionopolis on the authorization of M. Aurelius (see Babelon, R. N., 1900, p. 1 f.). See also Rec gén. , p. 129 f. Amastris (Amasra). Founded circ. B.C. 300 by Amastris, niece of Darius Codomannus, wife of Dionysius, tyrant of Heracleia in Bithynia, and afterwards of Lysimachus. The peoples of Sesamus, Cytorus, Cromna, and Tium were brought together in the new city. Tium, however soon became independent (see Rec gén., p. 134 f.). Circ. B.C. 300 and later. FIG. 264. Young male head in Phrygian cap, ornamented with laurel-wreath and star (Mithras ?). (Fig. 264.) [BMC Pontus, p. 84.] ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΕΩΝ Female figure (Anaitis, or the town Amastris ?) seated on throne, wearing veil, calathos, etc.; holds Nike and sceptre; in field, myrtle-bud (?) [Monn. gr., p. 227]. AR Babylonian (?) Stater 148-121 grs. Similar, without star. [N. C., 1885, p. 63.] ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ Same figure holding Eros, or sometimes Nike. AR 144-148 grs. 506 Similar head. ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ Bow in case [Rec gén., No. 3]. Ć Size .65 Similar head. ΑΜΑΣΤΡ Bow in case [Rec gén., No. 9]. Ć .6 Head of Athena. ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΕΩΝ Owl on fulmen (time of Mithradates Eupator ?). Ć .85 Ć of period of Mithradates Eupator (q. v.) with inscr., ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΕΩΝ and ΑΜΑΣΤΡΕΩΣ (Imhoof, Kleinas. M., II. p. 501). Also Ć of first century B.C. dated from Pompeian Era. B.C. 64 (Imh., Gr. M., p. 585 f.; Rec gén., p. 138). Imperial— Trajan to Salonina (some quasi-autonomous, time of Trajan and Antoninus). Inscr., ΑΜΑCΤΡΙΑΝΩΝ, rarely with ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΛЄΙΤΩΝ added (Imh., Gr. M., p. 586). Types numerous; often of good work (N. Z., 1891, p. 22). Bust of ΖЄVC CΤΡΑΤΗΓΟC. Zeus Strategos and ΗΡΑ standing. Athena. Hermes with caduceus and discus (N. C., 1898, p. 328; Journ. Int., 1899, p. 137). Asklepios and Hygieia. Dikaiosyne. The City Amastris. Bust of Helios; rev. Crescent and star (Gr. M., Pl. V. 10). Bust of ΔΙΟΝΥCΟC CЄΒΑCΤΟC (G. M., Pl. V. 11). Sarapis. Isis Pharia. Bull ΑΠΙC. Dioskuri with horses. Aphrodite with apple (N. Z., 1891, p. 19, No. 34). Agave with head of Pentheus (Rec gén., No. 53). Ares (Rec gén., Nos. 137, 138). Eirene holding Ploutos (Rec gén., No. 154). Signs of Zodiac. ΑVΡΗΛΙΟΝ ΚΑΙCΑΡΑ ΑΜΑCΤΡΙΑΝΟΙ Statue of M. Aurelius on horse (Hunter Cat., II. p. 234). Bust of ΟΜΗΡΟC. River-god ΜΕΛΗC. River-god ΠΑΡΘΕΝΙΟC. Bust of Faustina as the city ΑΜΑCΤΡΙC. Ram, and bird on column (Z. f. N., xx. p. 270). Galley. Marks of value, Β—Η = 2-8 Assaria (Gr. M., p. 586). Alliance-coins with Amisus (Rec gén., p. 145, No. 85). Cromna, an ancient city, incorporated circ. B.C. 300 with Amastris (q. v.). See Rec. gén., p. 157. Circ. B.C. 340-300. Head of Zeus. ΚΡΩΜΝΑ Head of the Tyche or Hera (?), wearing turreted stephanos; various symbols and mons. AR Persic Tetrobol 55 grs. Head of the Tyche (?), as on silver. ΚΡΩΜ Amphora and grapes. Ć .7-.4 Gangra, an old fortress, ΑΡΧ. ΠΑΦ. ΓΑΝΓΡΩΝ, incorporated with Germanicopolis (q. v.). Germanicopolis (Changra). Imperial— With name ЄCΤΙΑ, Nero, Marcus Aurelius (Rec gén., p. 161); then of Sept. Severus and family with inscr., ΓЄΡΜΑΝΙΚΟΠΟΛЄΩC also ΑΡΧЄΟ. ΠΑΦΛΑ. (= archaiopolis αρχαιοπολις or archaiotatae Paphlagonias Παφλαγονιας) ΓЄΡΜΑΝЄΙΚΟΠΟΛΙC ЄCΤΙΑ ΘЄΩΝ etc. Types: Apollo; Sarapis; Bull Apis; Herakles and Hydra; Nemesis; Crouching Aphrodite and Eros (Imh., Gr. M., Pl. V. 19); River-god ΑΛΥC; River-god ΞΑΝΘΟC. Gate with two doors flanked by battlemented towers = the fortress of ΓΑΝΓΡΑ (also with inscr., ΓΑΝΓΡΩΝ, 507 Imh., Gr. M., p. 589 f. Cf. Rec. gén., p. 168). Alliance-coins, with Ancyra. Era, Oct. B.C. 6-5 (Imh., Kleinas. M., I. p. 6; Dessau, Z. f. N., 1906, p. 335). Ionopolis. See Abonuteichus. Neoclaudiopolis (Vezir-Keupru), originally Neapolis; also called Andrapa. Imperial— Trajan to Sept. Severus and family. Inscr., ΝЄΟΚΛΑΥΔΙΟΠΟΛЄΙΤΩΝ. Types. Athena; Sarapis; Nike; Asklepios (Rec. gén., p. 169. Cf. Cumont, Studia Pontica, 1906, p. 133.) Era, Autumn of B.C. 6-5 (N. C., 1899, p. 95). Pimolisa (Osmanadjik ?), on the Halys. (Usually placed in Pontus, but see Rec. gén., p. 172.) Ć of the reign of Mithradates Eupator (q. v.). Inscr., ΠΙΜΩΛΙΣΩΝ. Pompeiopolis (Tash-Keupru). Second or first century B.C.; obv. Head of Zeus, rev. ΠΟΜΠΗΙΟΠΟΛΙΤΩΝ Torch in wreath, Ć .8 (Rec gén., p. 173, No. 1). Imperial— Ant. Pius to Sept. Severus. Inscr., ΜΗΤΡΟ. ΠΑΦΛΑ. ΠΟΜΠΗΙΟΠΟΛΙC. Types. Asklepios; Nemesis; Herakles; Dionysos. See also Sebaste, infra. Sebaste. Perhaps a name temporarily borne by Pompeiopolis (q. v.) (Rec gén., p. 176). Imperial of M. Aurelius and L. Verus. Inscr., CЄΒΑCΤΗ ΜΗΤΡΟ. ΠΑΦ. Types: Athena; Bust of Tyche (N. C., 1895, p. 275 f.). Sesamus. This city was incorporated, circ. B.C. 300, with Amastris. Like Cromna, it struck silver and bronze coins shortly before that event. Circ. B.C. 340-300. Head of Zeus. ΣΗΣΑΜ Head of Demeter. AR 55 grs. Id. [Imhoof, Mon. gr., p. 229.] ΣΗΣΑΜΗ Id. [Paris]. AR 25 grs. Head of Zeus. ΣΗΣΑ Female head (Demeter?). Ć .6 Head of Apollo. „ Kantharos [Rec gén., p. 177]. Ć .5 Sinope (Sinub), the wealthiest emporium on the south coast of the Euxine, was a colony of Miletus (B.C. 630). Its dominion in the fifth century embraced a large portion of the northern part of Asia Minor, and its fleet was supreme on the sea. Its earliest issues are silver staters, ranging in weight from 100 to 80 grs. (possibly Phoenician reduced). For the coins see Six in N. C., 1885, pp. 15-50; BMC Pontus, p. 95; Rec gén., p. 178 f. Circ. B.C. 500 (or earlier?) to circ. B.C. 453. Eagle’s head, often of very rude work; beneath it, a dolphin. [BMC Pontus, p. 95; Imh., Gr. M., p. 596.] Quadripartite incuse square, the alternate quarters deeply sunk; sometimes containing pellets or letter. AR 100-80 grs. 508 Circ. B.C. 453-375. Head of Sinope, the daughter of Asopus, wearing sphendone. [N. C., 1885, p. 21 f.] ΣΙΝΩ Sea-eagle on a dolphin; on the earliest specimens, in an incuse square. Magistrates’ names frequent. AR 93-80 grs. Circ. B.C. 375-322. The coins of this period are similar to those of the preceding, but the name of the city is now replaced by that of a Persian Satrap:— (i) Datames, B.C. 364-362, ΔΑΤΑΜΑ. (ii) ‘Abd Sasan‘ (or ‘Abd Sisin’) written in Aramaic; probably identical with Sysinas, son of Datames, B.C. 362-353 (N. C., 1894, p. 302; Z. f. N., xxiv. p. 72; Rec. gén., p. 183). (iii) Ariarathes’ (written in Aramaic) circ. B.C. 330 = Ariarathes I, king of Cappadocia. Circ. B.C. 322-220. Head of Sinope, wearing sphendone; in front, usually, aplustre. ΣΙΝΩ Sea-eagle on dolphin. Magistrates’ names. Dr. 95-78 grs. Id. ΣΙΝΩ Eagle, conventionally represented, facing, with spread wings. Magistrates’ monograms. ˝ Dr. AR 45 grs. Head of Sinope, facing. ΣΙΝΩ Id. Ľ Dr. AR 22 grs. Circ. B.C. 306-290. Head of Sinope, turreted. ΣΙΝΩ Prow; in front, aplustre and monogramAR 39 grs. Attic standard. Circ. B.C. 220 (or earlier ?) to 183. Turreted head of Sinope. [Z. f. N., xx. p. 272; cf. Jahrb. arch. Inst., 1898, p. 172.] ΣΙΝΩ Archaic statue of Apollo standing before tripod, holding branch and vase. AR Tetradrachm. 256 grs. Turreted head of Sinope. ΣΙΝΩ Poseidon, seated, holding dolphin and trident. [On the weight see N. C., 1885, p. 45]. AR Didrachm. 127.5-82 grs. Turreted head of Sinope. ΣΙΝΩ Eagle, conventionally represented, facing, with spread wings; various symbols and letters. AR Tetrobol. and Triobol. Head of Hermes, wearing petasos. Id. AR Diobol. 17 grs. Head of Apollo, l., laureate ΣΙΝΩ Tripod. AR 13 grs. Head of Sinope, r., turreted. [N. C., 1885, Pl. II. 18.] ΣΙΝΩΠΕΩΝ Apollo naked, seated on omphalos, holding lyre and plectrum. AR Tetradrachm. Head of Apollo. ΣΙΝΩ Prow. AR 60 grs. Head of Sinope. ΣΙΝΩΠΗΣ Apollo standing facing, with branch and vase. Ć .65 Id. ΣΙΝΩ Prow. Ć .75 The tetradrachm with the seated Apollo is imitated from coins of Antiochus III of Syria. 509 B.C. 183-70. Sinope under the dominion of the Pontic kings. Ć of this period (Rec gén., p. 194 f.) and Ć of reign of Mithradates Eupator (q. v.), inscr., ΣΙΝΩΠΗΣ. Colonial coinage (Rec gén., p. 196 f.; cf. p. 179). In B.C. 70 Sinope was taken by Lucullus, and in B.C. 45 it was made a colonia by Caesar. The earliest coins are without the Imperial head: obv. Head of Ceres, rev. Crescent-shaped object (radiated diadem ?) and plough, with names of duumviri, Ć (Imhoof-Blumer KM, p. 7, No. 4); obv. Bull’s head, rev. Simpulum, Ć (Imhoof-Blumer KM, No. 5). Coins with Imperial heads, from Augustus to Gallienus. Inscr., C. I. F. (Colonia Julia Felix); C. I. F. S.; C. I. F. SINOPE; EX D. D. (decurionum decreto). Types: Colonist ploughing; Genius of Sinope; Sarapis standing; Zeus Sarapis reclining on couch; Apollo in Temple; Nemesis; Dionysos; Dioskuri with horses; Fish; Human leg surmounted by bull’s head (Rec gén., No. 145); Archaic simulacrum and head (ibid., p. 179). Era. The Colonial coins are usually dated. Till Severus Alexander the Colonial era, B.C. 45, is employed; afterwards, the era of the Roman Conquest, B.C. 70. A coin of Domna, however, is dated according to the era of B.C. 70. The word ANN(O) generally precedes the date. The latest discussion of the dates is by Kubitschek in Num. Zeitschr., 1908. Kings of Paphlagonia. Pylaemenes II or III Euergetes, circ. B.C. 133 or 103 (N. C., 1903, p. 329; Rec gén., p. 127). Head of Herakles, beardless. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΥΛΑΙΜΕΝΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ Nike with wreath and palm. Ć .8 Bull’s head, facing. Same inscr. Winged caduceus. Ć .65 Deiotarus, Philadelphus, circ. B.C. 31-5. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ Δ[ΗΙΟΤΑΡΟΥ] [ΦΙ]ΛΑΔΕΛΦΟΥ; in field, ΖΚV (= 427 ?) Head of the king, r. [Reinach histoire, p. 151; Z. f. N., xxi. p. 226; cf. Rec gén., p. 127.] ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ [ΑΔΟΒΟ]ΓΙΩΝΑΣ Bust of Queen Adobogiona, r. (? mother of Deiotarus Philadelphus) [Berlin]. AR Dr. 59 grs. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΗΙΟΤΑΡ[ΟΥ] [ΦΙΛΑ]ΔΕΛΦΟΥ Head of the king, r. [Rein., l. c.] ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΗΙΟ[ΤΑΡΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΓΙ?]ΑΤΟΡΟΣ (Deiotarus Philopator, brother (?) of Deiotarus Philadelphus) Pilei of Dioscuri [BMC Pontus]. Ć .95 | PaphlagoniaBabelon, E. Traité des Monnaies Grecques et Romaines. (Paris, 1901-1932). Bloesch, H. Griechische Münzen In Winterthur, Vol. 2: Bosporus, Pontus, Armenia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Mysia, Troas, Phrygia... (Winterthur, 1987). Brett, A.B. Catalogue of Greek Coins, Boston Museum of Fine Arts. (Boston, 1955). de Callata˙, F. “Le premier monnayage de la cité d’Amastris (Paphlagonie)” in SNR 2004. Head, B. A Catalogue of Greek Coins in the British Museum, Phrygia. (London, 1906). Hoover, O. Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Anatolia, Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia...5th to 1st Centuries BC. HGC 7. (Lancaster, PA, 2012). Imhoof-Blumer, F. Kleinasiatische Münzen. (Vienna, 1901-2). Imhoof-Blumer, F. Zur griechischen und römischen Münzkunde. (Geneva, 1908). Lindgren, H. Lindgren III: Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993). Lindgren, H. & F. Kovacs. Ancient Bronze Coins of Asia Minor and the Levant. (San Mateo, 1985). Mildenberg, L. & S. Hurter, eds. The Dewing Collection of Greek Coins. ACNAC 6. (New York, 1985). Newell, E.T. The Alexandrine Coinage of Sinope. (New York, 1919). Price, M.J. The Coinage in the name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. (Zurich-London, 1991). Radet, G. En Phrygie. (Paris, 1893). Reinach, T. L'histoire par les monnaies: essais de numismatique ancienne. (Paris, 1902). Reinach, T. Numismatique Ancienne: Trois Royaumes De L'asie Mineure, Cappadoce-Bithynie-Pont. (Paris, 1888). Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Vol. 2: Asia and Africa. (London, 1979). Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982). Strauss, P. Collection Maurice Laffaille - monnaies grecques en bronze. (Bŕle, 1990). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 4: Bosporus - Lesbos. (West Milford, NJ, 1982). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, München Staatlische Münzsammlung, Part| 24: Phrygien. (Berlin, 1989). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Münzsammlung Universität Tübingen, Part| 6: Phrygien-Kappadokien; Römische Provinzprägungen in Kleinasien. (Berlin, 1998). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Sammlung Hans Von Aulock, Vol. 2: Caria, Lydia, Phrygia, Lycia, Pamphylia. (Berlin, 1962). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain III, R.C. Lockett Collection, Part 5: Lesbos - Cyrenaica. Addenda. (gold and silver). (London, 1949). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain IV, Fitzwilliam Museum, Leake and General Collections, Part 6: Asia Minor: Pontus-Phrygia. (London, 1965). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain IX, British Museum, Part 1: The Black Sea. (London, 1993). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XI, The William Stancomb Collection of Coins of the Black Sea Region. (Oxford, 2000). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XII, The Hunterian Museum, Univ. of Glasgow, Part 1: Roman Provincial Coins: Spain-Kingdoms of Asia Minor. (Oxford, 2004). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Österreich, Sammlung Leypold, Kleinasiatische Münzen der Kaiserzeit, Vol. II: Phrygia – Commagene. (Vienna, 2004). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Russia, State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts: Coins of the Black Sea Region. (Leuven, Belgium, 2011). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Turkey 5: Tire Museum (Izmir), Vol. 1: Roman Provincial Coins From Ionia, Lydia, Phrygia, etc. (Istanbul, 2011). Waddington, W., E. Babelon and T. Reinach. Recueil Général des Monnaies Grecques d’Asie Minuere, Vol. I. (Paris, 1904-25). Wroth, W. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Pontus, Paphlagonia, Bithynia. (London, 1889).Paphlagonia was an ancient area on the Black Sea coast of north central Anatolia. Abonuteichus, later Ionopolis (Ineboli). Autonomous Ć, time of Mithradates Eupator, obv. Head of Zeus, rev. ΑΒΩΝΟΥ ΤΕΙΧΟΥ Eagle (see R. N., 1900, p. 8, and N. C., 1905, p. 116). Imperial— Trajan to Faustina Junior, inscr., ΑΒΩΝΟΤЄΙΧЄΙΤΩΝ; M. Aurelius to Trebonianus Gallus, inscr., ΙΩΝΟΠΟΛЄΙΤΩΝ. Types: Asklepios and Hygieia; serpent ΓΛΥΚΩΝ; Demeter; Dionysos; Artemis; Wind-god or promontory(?) ΖЄΦΥΡΙC (R. N., 1900, p. 18). Glycon is the serpent-incarnation of Asklepios exhibited by Alexander, the false magician of Abonuteichus. According to Lucian’s life of Alexander, the name of the town was changed from Abonuteichus to Ionopolis on the authorization of M. Aurelius (see Babelon, R. N., 1900, p. 1 f.). See also Rec gén. , p. 129 f. Amastris (Amasra). Founded circ. B.C. 300 by Amastris, niece of Darius Codomannus, wife of Dionysius, tyrant of Heracleia in Bithynia, and afterwards of Lysimachus. The peoples of Sesamus, Cytorus, Cromna, and Tium were brought together in the new city. Tium, however soon became independent (see Rec gén., p. 134 f.). Circ. B.C. 300 and later. FIG. 264. Young male head in Phrygian cap, ornamented with laurel-wreath and star (Mithras ?). (Fig. 264.) [BMC Pontus, p. 84.] ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΕΩΝ Female figure (Anaitis, or the town Amastris ?) seated on throne, wearing veil, calathos, etc.; holds Nike and sceptre; in field, myrtle-bud (?) [Monn. gr., p. 227]. AR Babylonian (?) Stater 148-121 grs. Similar, without star. [N. C., 1885, p. 63.] ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ Same figure holding Eros, or sometimes Nike. AR 144-148 grs. 506 Similar head. ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ Bow in case [Rec gén., No. 3]. Ć Size .65 Similar head. ΑΜΑΣΤΡ Bow in case [Rec gén., No. 9]. Ć .6 Head of Athena. ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΕΩΝ Owl on fulmen (time of Mithradates Eupator ?). Ć .85 Ć of period of Mithradates Eupator (q. v.) with inscr., ΑΜΑΣΤΡΙΕΩΝ and ΑΜΑΣΤΡΕΩΣ (Imhoof, Kleinas. M., II. p. 501). Also Ć of first century B.C. dated from Pompeian Era. B.C. 64 (Imh., Gr. M., p. 585 f.; Rec gén., p. 138). Imperial— Trajan to Salonina (some quasi-autonomous, time of Trajan and Antoninus). Inscr., ΑΜΑCΤΡΙΑΝΩΝ, rarely with ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΛЄΙΤΩΝ added (Imh., Gr. M., p. 586). Types numerous; often of good work (N. Z., 1891, p. 22). Bust of ΖЄVC CΤΡΑΤΗΓΟC. Zeus Strategos and ΗΡΑ standing. Athena. Hermes with caduceus and discus (N. C., 1898, p. 328; Journ. Int., 1899, p. 137). Asklepios and Hygieia. Dikaiosyne. The City Amastris. Bust of Helios; rev. Crescent and star (Gr. M., Pl. V. 10). Bust of ΔΙΟΝΥCΟC CЄΒΑCΤΟC (G. M., Pl. V. 11). Sarapis. Isis Pharia. Bull ΑΠΙC. Dioskuri with horses. Aphrodite with apple (N. Z., 1891, p. 19, No. 34). Agave with head of Pentheus (Rec gén., No. 53). Ares (Rec gén., Nos. 137, 138). Eirene holding Ploutos (Rec gén., No. 154). Signs of Zodiac. ΑVΡΗΛΙΟΝ ΚΑΙCΑΡΑ ΑΜΑCΤΡΙΑΝΟΙ Statue of M. Aurelius on horse (Hunter Cat., II. p. 234). Bust of ΟΜΗΡΟC. River-god ΜΕΛΗC. River-god ΠΑΡΘΕΝΙΟC. Bust of Faustina as the city ΑΜΑCΤΡΙC. Ram, and bird on column (Z. f. N., xx. p. 270). Galley. Marks of value, Β—Η = 2-8 Assaria (Gr. M., p. 586). Alliance-coins with Amisus (Rec gén., p. 145, No. 85). Cromna, an ancient city, incorporated circ. B.C. 300 with Amastris (q. v.). See Rec. gén., p. 157. Circ. B.C. 340-300. Head of Zeus. ΚΡΩΜΝΑ Head of the Tyche or Hera (?), wearing turreted stephanos; various symbols and mons. AR Persic Tetrobol 55 grs. Head of the Tyche (?), as on silver. ΚΡΩΜ Amphora and grapes. Ć .7-.4 Gangra, an old fortress, ΑΡΧ. ΠΑΦ. ΓΑΝΓΡΩΝ, incorporated with Germanicopolis (q. v.). Germanicopolis (Changra). Imperial— With name ЄCΤΙΑ, Nero, Marcus Aurelius (Rec gén., p. 161); then of Sept. Severus and family with inscr., ΓЄΡΜΑΝΙΚΟΠΟΛЄΩC also ΑΡΧЄΟ. ΠΑΦΛΑ. (= archaiopolis αρχαιοπολις or archaiotatae Paphlagonias Παφλαγονιας) ΓЄΡΜΑΝЄΙΚΟΠΟΛΙC ЄCΤΙΑ ΘЄΩΝ etc. Types: Apollo; Sarapis; Bull Apis; Herakles and Hydra; Nemesis; Crouching Aphrodite and Eros (Imh., Gr. M., Pl. V. 19); River-god ΑΛΥC; River-god ΞΑΝΘΟC. Gate with two doors flanked by battlemented towers = the fortress of ΓΑΝΓΡΑ (also with inscr., ΓΑΝΓΡΩΝ, 507 Imh., Gr. M., p. 589 f. Cf. Rec. gén., p. 168). Alliance-coins, with Ancyra. Era, Oct. B.C. 6-5 (Imh., Kleinas. M., I. p. 6; Dessau, Z. f. N., 1906, p. 335). Ionopolis. See Abonuteichus. Neoclaudiopolis (Vezir-Keupru), originally Neapolis; also called Andrapa. Imperial— Trajan to Sept. Severus and family. Inscr., ΝЄΟΚΛΑΥΔΙΟΠΟΛЄΙΤΩΝ. Types. Athena; Sarapis; Nike; Asklepios (Rec. gén., p. 169. Cf. Cumont, Studia Pontica, 1906, p. 133.) Era, Autumn of B.C. 6-5 (N. C., 1899, p. 95). Pimolisa (Osmanadjik ?), on the Halys. (Usually placed in Pontus, but see Rec. gén., p. 172.) Ć of the reign of Mithradates Eupator (q. v.). Inscr., ΠΙΜΩΛΙΣΩΝ. Pompeiopolis (Tash-Keupru). Second or first century B.C.; obv. Head of Zeus, rev. ΠΟΜΠΗΙΟΠΟΛΙΤΩΝ Torch in wreath, Ć .8 (Rec gén., p. 173, No. 1). Imperial— Ant. Pius to Sept. Severus. Inscr., ΜΗΤΡΟ. ΠΑΦΛΑ. ΠΟΜΠΗΙΟΠΟΛΙC. Types. Asklepios; Nemesis; Herakles; Dionysos. See also Sebaste, infra. Sebaste. Perhaps a name temporarily borne by Pompeiopolis (q. v.) (Rec gén., p. 176). Imperial of M. Aurelius and L. Verus. Inscr., CЄΒΑCΤΗ ΜΗΤΡΟ. ΠΑΦ. Types: Athena; Bust of Tyche (N. C., 1895, p. 275 f.). Sesamus. This city was incorporated, circ. B.C. 300, with Amastris. Like Cromna, it struck silver and bronze coins shortly before that event. Circ. B.C. 340-300. Head of Zeus. ΣΗΣΑΜ Head of Demeter. AR 55 grs. Id. [Imhoof, Mon. gr., p. 229.] ΣΗΣΑΜΗ Id. [Paris]. AR 25 grs. Head of Zeus. ΣΗΣΑ Female head (Demeter?). Ć .6 Head of Apollo. „ ;Kantharos [Rec gén., p. 177]. Ć .5 Sinope (Sinub), the wealthiest emporium on the south coast of the Euxine, was a colony of Miletus (B.C. 630). Its dominion in the fifth century embraced a large portion of the northern part of Asia Minor, and its fleet was supreme on the sea. Its earliest issues are silver staters, ranging in weight from 100 to 80 grs. (possibly Phoenician reduced). For the coins see Six in N. C., 1885, pp. 15-50; BMC Pontus, p. 95; Rec gén., p. 178 f. Circ. B.C. 500 (or earlier?) to circ. B.C. 453. Eagle’s head, often of very rude work; beneath it, a dolphin. [BMC Pontus, p. 95; Imh., Gr. M., p. 596.] Quadripartite incuse square, the alternate quarters deeply sunk; sometimes containing pellets or letter. AR 100-80 grs. 508 Circ. B.C. 453-375. Head of Sinope, the daughter of Asopus, wearing sphendone. [N. C., 1885, p. 21 f.] ΣΙΝΩ Sea-eagle on a dolphin; on the earliest specimens, in an incuse square. Magistrates’ names frequent. AR 93-80 grs. Circ. B.C. 375-322. The coins of this period are similar to those of the preceding, but the name of the city is now replaced by that of a Persian Satrap:— (i) Datames, B.C. 364-362, ΔΑΤΑΜΑ. (ii) ‘Abd Sasan‘ (or ‘Abd Sisin’) written in Aramaic; probably identical with Sysinas, son of Datames, B.C. 362-353 (N. C., 1894, p. 302; Z. f. N., xxiv. p. 72; Rec. gén., p. 183). (iii) Ariarathes’ (written in Aramaic) circ. B.C. 330 = Ariarathes I, king of Cappadocia. Circ. B.C. 322-220. Head of Sinope, wearing sphendone; in front, usually, aplustre. ΣΙΝΩ Sea-eagle on dolphin. Magistrates’ names. Dr. 95-78 grs. Id. ΣΙΝΩ Eagle, conventionally represented, facing, with spread wings. Magistrates’ monograms. ˝ Dr. AR 45 grs. Head of Sinope, facing. ΣΙΝΩ Id. Ľ Dr. AR 22 grs. Circ. B.C. 306-290. Head of Sinope, turreted. ΣΙΝΩ Prow; in front, aplustre and monogram AR 39 grs. Attic standard. Circ. B.C. 220 (or earlier ?) to 183. Turreted head of Sinope. [Z. f. N., xx. p. 272; cf. Jahrb. arch. Inst., 1898, p. 172.] ΣΙΝΩ Archaic statue of Apollo standing before tripod, holding branch and vase. AR Tetradrachm. 256 grs. Turreted head of Sinope. ΣΙΝΩ Poseidon, seated, holding dolphin and trident. [On the weight see N. C., 1885, p. 45]. AR Didrachm. 127.5-82 grs. Turreted head of Sinope. ΣΙΝΩ Eagle, conventionally represented, facing, with spread wings; various symbols and letters. AR Tetrobol. and Triobol. Head of Hermes, wearing petasos. Id. AR Diobol. 17 grs. Head of Apollo, l., laureate ΣΙΝΩ Tripod. AR 13 grs. Head of Sinope, r., turreted. [N. C., 1885, Pl. II. 18.] ΣΙΝΩΠΕΩΝ Apollo naked, seated on omphalos, holding lyre and plectrum. AR Tetradrachm. Head of Apollo. ΣΙΝΩ Prow. AR 60 grs. Head of Sinope. ΣΙΝΩΠΗΣ Apollo standing facing, with branch and vase. Ć .65 Id. ΣΙΝΩ Prow. Ć .75 The tetradrachm with the seated Apollo is imitated from coins of Antiochus III of Syria. 509 B.C. 183-70. Sinope under the dominion of the Pontic kings. Ć of this period (Rec gén., p. 194 f.) and Ć of reign of Mithradates Eupator (q. v.), inscr., ΣΙΝΩΠΗΣ. Colonial coinage (Rec gén., p. 196 f.; cf. p. 179). In B.C. 70 Sinope was taken by Lucullus, and in B.C. 45 it was made a colonia by Caesar. The earliest coins are without the Imperial head: obv. Head of Ceres, rev. Crescent-shaped object (radiated diadem ?) and plough, with names of duumviri, Ć (Imhoof-Blumer KM, p. 7, No. 4); obv. Bull’s head, rev. Simpulum, Ć (Imhoof-Blumer KM, No. 5). Coins with Imperial heads, from Augustus to Gallienus. Inscr., C. I. F. (Colonia Julia Felix); C. I. F. S.; C. I. F. SINOPE; EX D. D. (decurionum decreto). Types: Colonist ploughing; Genius of Sinope; Sarapis standing; Zeus Sarapis reclining on couch; Apollo in Temple; Nemesis; Dionysos; Dioskuri with horses; Fish; Human leg surmounted by bull’s head (Rec gén., No. 145); Archaic simulacrum and head (ibid., p. 179). Era. The Colonial coins are usually dated. Till Severus Alexander the Colonial era, B.C. 45, is employed; afterwards, the era of the Roman Conquest, B.C. 70. A coin of Domna, however, is dated according to the era of B.C. 70. The word ANN(O) generally precedes the date. The latest discussion of the dates is by Kubitschek in Num. Zeitschr., 1908. Kings of Paphlagonia. Pylaemenes II or III Euergetes, circ. B.C. 133 or 103 (N. C., 1903, p. 329; Rec gén., p. 127). Head of Herakles, beardless. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΥΛΑΙΜΕΝΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ Nike with wreath and palm. Ć .8 Bull’s head, facing. Same inscr. Winged caduceus. Ć .65 Deiotarus, Philadelphus, circ. B.C. 31-5. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ Δ[ΗΙΟΤΑΡΟΥ] [ΦΙ]ΛΑΔΕΛΦΟΥ; in field, ΖΚV (= 427 ?) Head of the king, r. [Reinach histoire, p. 151; Z. f. N., xxi. p. 226; cf. Rec gén., p. 127.] ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ [ΑΔΟΒΟ]ΓΙΩΝΑΣ Bust of Queen Adobogiona, r. (? mother of Deiotarus Philadelphus) [Berlin]. AR Dr. 59 grs. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΗΙΟΤΑΡ[ΟΥ] [ΦΙΛΑ]ΔΕΛΦΟΥ Head of the king, r. [Rein., l. c.] ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΗΙΟ[ΤΑΡΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΓΙ?]ΑΤΟΡΟΣ (Deiotarus Philopator, brother (?) of Deiotarus Philadelphus) Pilei of Dioscuri [BMC Pontus]. Ć .95 |