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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Hellenistic Monarchies| ▸ |Cappadocian Kingdom||View Options:  |  |  |   

Cappadocian Kingdom

The Cappadocian Kingdom was established after the death of Alexander. The Ariarathes dynasty used political alliances to maintain rule, however, Cappadocia eventually became a battleground for the conflicts between the Kingdom of Pontus and the Roman Empire. When Mithridates placed his own candidate on the throne, the Roman Senate declared that the administration of Cappadocia should be placed in the hands of the people, and removed him. It seems, however, the Senate didn't actually mean the Cappadocian people. In 17 A.D., Rome established the Provincia Cappadocia, ruled by a Roman procurator.

Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes I, c. 331 - 322 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariarathes| |I,| |c.| |331| |-| |322| |B.C.||drachm|
After Alexander the Great's armies passed him by, Ariarathes I, a satrap or dynast under Darius III, seized the area becoming the first king of Cappadocia. Later he attacked Antigonus and expanded into Phrygia, Pontus and Paphlagonia.

At Sinope, he maintained the city's standard nymph and eagle on a dolphin types, but replaced the Greek legends with his own Aramaic inscriptions.
SH26865. Silver drachm, BMC Pontus p. 96, 9; SNG Stancomb 761; Traité 631; SNG BM 1459, EF, weight 5.367 g, maximum diameter 19.0 mm, die axis 0o, Sinope (Sinop, Turkey) mint, c. 328 - 325 B.C.; obverse head of nymph Sinope left, apluster before, Aramaic letters ayin and mem behind; reverse eagle on a dolphin left, Aramaic legend "ARYWRT" below; ex Lindgren Collection; very rare; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes VII Philometor, 116 - 101 B.C., In the Name and Types of Antiochos VII of Syria

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariarathes| |VII| |Philometor,| |116| |-| |101| |B.C.,| |In| |the| |Name| |and| |Types| |of| |Antiochos| |VII| |of| |Syria||tetradrachm|
When Ariarathes VII Philometor was a child under the regency of his mother Laodice, Cappadocia was seized by King Nicomedes III of Bithynia, who then married Laodice. Laodice's brother King Mithridates VI of Pontus soon expelled Nicomedes and the restored the Cappadocian throne to Ariarathes VII. When Ariarathes VII learned that his father's assassin was under Mithridates' protection (Mithridates had arranged the murder), he prepared for war. Before the battle, the King of Pontus had him killed and put his own son Ariarathes IX on the Cappadocian throne.
GS85688. Silver tetradrachm, Lorber-Houghton Series 1, Issue 3, pl. 15, obverse die A5; Houghton-Lorber II 2148; HGC 7 829; HGC 9 1069, gVF, toned, weight 16.520 g, maximum diameter 29.8 mm, die axis 0o, Mazaka-Eusebeia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 107/6 - 104/3 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Antiochos VII right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ APIAPAΘOY ΦIΛOMHTPOΣ, Athena Nikephoros standing left, Nike right in extended right offering wreath, spear and grounded shield in left hand, monogram above A outer left, O inner left, Λ inner right; all within laurel wreath; ex CNG e-auction 401 (12 Jul 2017), lot 197; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariaramnes, c. 280 - 230 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariaramnes,| |c.| |280| |-| |230| |B.C.||AE| |16|
An extremely rare type, with fewer than five known specimens.
SH10707. Bronze AE 16, Simonetta 1, BMC Galatia -, SNG Cop VII -, SNGvA -, gVF, nice green patina, scratches, weight 4.240 g, maximum diameter 15.7 mm, die axis 180o, Mazaca (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 280 - 230 B.C.; obverse head right wearing a bashlyk; reverse horse grazing right, monograms above and below; ex CNG; extremely rare; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C.; In the Name of the Seleukid King, Antiochus VII, 138 - 129 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |c.| |130| |-| |80| |B.C.;| |In| |the| |Name| |of| |the| |Seleukid| |King,| |Antiochus| |VII,| |138| |-| |129| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
Oliver Hoover, in Coins of the Seleucid Empire from the Collection of Arthur Houghton, attributes this type to the Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C. The symbols were used on Cappadocian royal coinage, the coins are found in Cappadocian hoards and a tetradrachm naming the Cappadocian King Ariarathes VII Philometor (116 - 99 B.C.) bears the obverse portrait of Antiochus VII. He notes they may have been struck to pay foreign (Syrian?) mercenaries who preferred the types of Antiochus VII.
SH27110. Silver tetradrachm, Houghton II 649, Newell SMA 299, SNG Spaer 1875, VF, weight 16.368 g, maximum diameter 29.1 mm, die axis 0o, obverse Antiochos VII diademed head right, horn like lock of hair above ear, fillet border; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY (on right) EYEPΓETOY (on left), Athena standing left, Nike in right, spear and shield in left, ligate ΔI / A left, M inner left, K inner right, Nike crowns epithet, laurel wreath border; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C.; In the Name of the Seleukid King, Antiochus VII, 138 - 129 B.C.

|Seleucid| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |c.| |130| |-| |80| |B.C.;| |In| |the| |Name| |of| |the| |Seleukid| |King,| |Antiochus| |VII,| |138| |-| |129| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
Oliver Hoover, in Coins of the Seleucid Empire from the Collection of Arthur Houghton, attributes this type to the Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C. The symbols were used on Cappadocian royal coinage, the coins are found in Cappadocian hoards and a tetradrachm naming the Cappadocian King Ariarathes VII Philometor (116 - 99 B.C.) bears the obverse portrait of Antiochus VII. He notes they may have been struck to pay foreign (Syrian?) mercenaries who preferred the types of Antiochus VII.
SH26765. Silver tetradrachm, Houghton II 654 (same obverse die), Newell SMA 295, SNG Spaer -, VF, weight 16.452 g, maximum diameter 27.8 mm, die axis 0o, obverse Antiochos VII diademed head right, horn like lock of hair above ear, fillet border; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY (on right) EYEPΓETOY (on left), Athena standing left, Nike in right, spear and shield in left, ligate ΔI / A left, A inner left, K inner right, Nike crowns epithet, laurel wreath border; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C.; In the Name of the Seleukid King, Antiochus VII, 138 - 129 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |c.| |130| |-| |80| |B.C.;| |In| |the| |Name| |of| |the| |Seleukid| |King,| |Antiochus| |VII,| |138| |-| |129| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
Oliver Hoover, in Coins of the Seleucid Empire from the Collection of Arthur Houghton, attributes this type to the Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C. The symbols were used on Cappadocian royal coinage, the coins are found in Cappadocian hoards and a tetradrachm naming the Cappadocian King Ariarathes VII Philometor (116 - 99 B.C.) bears the obverse portrait of Antiochus VII. He notes they may have been struck to pay foreign (Syrian?) mercenaries who preferred the types of Antiochus VII.
SH76280. Silver tetradrachm, Houghton II 642 (same dies), Houghton-Lorber II 2061(2), HGC 9 1068, SNG Spaer 1855, Newell SMA 282, SGCV II 7092, gVF, toned, well centered, weight 16.452 g, maximum diameter 29.9 mm, die axis 0o, obverse diademed head of the Seleukid King Antiochos VII right, fillet border; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY EYEPΓETOY, Athena standing left, Nike in right, spear and shield in left, ligate ΔI / A left, Nike extends wreath into laurel wreath border; ex Forum (2007); SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C.; In the Name of the Seleukid King, Antiochus VII

|Seleucid| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |c.| |130| |-| |80| |B.C.;| |In| |the| |Name| |of| |the| |Seleukid| |King,| |Antiochus| |VII||tetradrachm|
Oliver Hoover, in Coins of the Seleucid Empire from the Collection of Arthur Houghton, attributes this type to the Cappadocian Kingdom, c. 130 - 80 B.C. The symbols were used on Cappadocian royal coinage, the coins are found in Cappadocian hoards and a tetradrachm naming the Cappadocian King Ariarathes VII Philometor (116 - 99 B.C.) bears the obverse portrait of Antiochus VII. He notes they may have been struck to pay foreign (Syrian?) mercenaries who preferred the types of Antiochus VII.
GS29553. Silver tetradrachm, Houghton II 649, Newell SMA 299, SNG Spaer 1875, gVF, weight 16.120 g, maximum diameter 28.3 mm, die axis 0o, obverse Antiochos VII diademed head right, horn like lock of hair above ear, fillet border; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY (on right) EYEPΓETOY (on left), Athena standing left, Nike in right, spear and shield in left, ligate ΔI / A left, M inner left, K inner right, Nike crowns epithet, laurel wreath border; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes VII Philometor, 116 - 101 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariarathes| |VII| |Philometor,| |116| |-| |101| |B.C.||drachm|
When Ariarathes VII Philometor was a child under the regency of his mother Laodice, Cappadocia was seized by King Nicomedes III of Bithynia, who then married Laodice. Laodice's brother King Mithridates VI of Pontus soon expelled Nicomedes and the restored the Cappadocian throne to Ariarathes VII. When Ariarathes VII learned that his father's assassin was under Mithridates' protection (Mithridates had arranged the murder), he prepared for war. Before the battle, the King of Pontus had him killed and put his own son Ariarathes IX on the Cappadocian throne.
SH64037. Silver drachm, Mørkholm Cappadocia I 1b; Simonetta Collection 16b; Simonetta 7b; BMC Galatia p. 36, 4; SNG Cop VII 784; SNGvA 6291; SNG Berry 1325, gVF, a few small scratches, weight 3.983 g, maximum diameter 17.9 mm, die axis 0o, Mazaka-Eusebeia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 107 - 106 B.C.; obverse diademed head right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ APIAPAΘOY ΦIΛOMHTPOΣ, Athena Nikephoros standing left, Nike right in extended right offering wreath, spear and grounded shield in left, monograms inner left and right; I (year 10) in exergue; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopator, 129 - 116 B.C.

|Cappadocia|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariarathes| |VI| |Epiphanes| |Philopator,| |129| |-| |116| |B.C.||drachm|
Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopator was a child at his succession. His mother, Nysa, reputedly poisoned his five older brothers to assume power as his regent. After she was assassinated for her crime, Ariarathes' maternal uncle King Mithridates V of Pontus asserted some control over the country by marrying Ariarathes to his first daughter, Laodice. Determined to transform Cappadocia in a satellite of Pontus, Mithridates VI had Ariarathes murdered. On his death the kingdom was briefly ruled by Laodice, but was then seized by her son-in-law King Nicomedes III of Bithynia, who then married her. Nicomedes III was soon expelled by Mithridates VI, who placed Ariarathes VII upon the throne.
GS64038. Silver drachm, Simonetta Collection 10, Simonetta 3 var. (K inner right right), Mørkholm Cappadocia I 4b var. (same), SNG Cop VII -, SNGvA -, BMC Galatia -, gVF, weight 4.138 g, maximum diameter 17.8 mm, die axis 0o, Mazaka-Eusebeia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 129 - 128 B.C.; obverse diademed head right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ APIAPAΘOY EΠIΦANOYΣ, Athena Nikephoros standing left, Nike right offering wreath in extended right hand, spear and grounded shield in left, M inner left; A (year 1) in exergue; SOLD


Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator, 163 - 130 B.C.

|Cappadocian| |Kingdom|, |Cappadocian| |Kingdom,| |Ariarathes| |V| |Eusebes| |Philopator,| |163| |-| |130| |B.C.||drachm|
Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator reigned 33 years, and was perhaps the greatest king of Cappadocia. He was distinguished by his excellence of character and his cultivation of philosophy and the arts. Allied with Rome, according to Livy, he was educated there. When his throne was taken, Rome restored it to him. The year this coin was struck, Ariarathes V died in battle supporting Rome against Eumenes III of Pergamum. In return for his contribution to the Romans success in Pergamum, Lycaonia and Cilicia were added to the dominions of the Cappadocian Kingdom.
GS64040. Silver drachm, Simonetta p. 24, 15 (Ariarathes IV); BMC Galatia p. 32, 10 (same); Simonetta Coll. p. 48, 23 var. (same); SNGvA 6274; SNG Cop VII 655; HGC 7 811, gVF, weight 4.144 g, maximum diameter 20.48 mm, die axis 0o, Mazaka-Eusebeia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 130 B.C.; obverse diademed head right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ APIAPAΘOY EYΣEBOYΣ, Athena Nikephoros standing left, Nike left in extended right crowning name with wreath, spear and grounded shield in left, H outer left, Δ outer right, ΓΛ (year 33) in exergue; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Babelon, E. La collection Waddington au cabinet des médailles. (Paris, 1897-1898).
Burnett, A., M. Amandry & P. Ripollès. Roman Provincial Coinage I: From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AD 69). (London, 1992 and supplements).
Cohen, E. Dated Coins of Antiquity: A comprehensive catalogue of the coins and how their numbers came about. (Lancaster, PA, 2011).
Ganschow, T. Münzen von Kappadokien. Sammlung Henseler. (Istanbul, 2018).
Hoover, O. Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Anatolia, Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, Lykaonia, and Kappadokia, Fifth to First Centuries BC. HGC 7. (Lancaster/London, 2012).
Hoover, O. Handbook of Syrian Coins, Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC. HGC 9. (Lancaster/London, 2009).
Houghton, A., C. Lorber & O. Hoover. Seleucid Coins: A Comprehensive Catalog, Part II: Seleucus IV - Antiochus XIII. (Lancaster, 2008).
Lorber, C. & A. Houghton. "Cappadocian Tetradrachms in the Name of Antiochus VII" in NC 166 (2006).
Mørkholm, O. "The Coinages of Ariarathes VI and Arirathes VII of Cappadocia" in SNR 57 (1978).
Mørkholm, O. "The Coinages of Ariarathes VIII and Arirathes IX of Cappadocia" in Essays Robinson.
Roman Provincial Coins (RPC) Online - http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/.
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 2, Asia and Africa. (London, 1979).
Simonetta, B. The Coins of the Cappadocian Kings. Typos II. (Fribourg, 1977).
Simonetta, A.The coinage of the Cappadocian kings: a revision and a catalogue of the Simonetta Collection. Parthica 9. (2007).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 7: Cyprus to India. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Supplement, Acquisitions 1942-1996. (Vastervik, 2002).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Sammlung Hans Von Aulock, Vol. 3: Pisidia, Lycaonia, Cilicia, Galatia, Cappadocia, etc.. (Berlin, 1964).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain, Volume IV, Fitzwilliam Museum, Leake and General Collections, Part 7: Asia Minor: Lycia - Cappadocia. (London, 1967).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, United States, Burton Y. Berry Collection, Part 2: Megaris to Egypt. . (New York, 1962).
Wroth, W. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Galatia, Cappadocia, and Syria. (London, 1899).

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