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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Secessionist Empires| ▸ |Vabalathus||View Options:   | | |
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In 272, the Emperor Aurelian crossed the Bosporus and advanced quickly through Anatolia. While the Roman general Marcus Aurelius Probus recovered Egypt. Aurelian defeated Zenobia in the Battle of Immae near Antioch. The Palmyrene armies retreated to Antioch, then later Emesa, while Aurelian advanced and took the former. The defeat at Emesa forced the Palmyrene armies to evacuate to the capital. The Romans began a siege. Zenobia, Vaballathus's mother, left the city and headed east to ask the Sasanian Empire for help. The Romans followed the queen, arrested her near the Euphrates, and brought her back to the emperor. Soon after the city fell. Vaballathus, his mother and her council were taken to Emesa and put on trial. Most of the high-ranking Palmyrene officials were executed. Vaballathus and Zenobia were sent to Rome to be displayed in Aurelian's Triumph.RA85177. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3106, BnF XII 1246, Göbl MIR 353a4, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, Hunter IV -, Choice EF, bold full circles strike, weight 3.563 g, maximum diameter 21.8 mm, die axis 180o, 4th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, from the front, Δ below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Vabalathus right, from behind; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
In 272, the Emperor Aurelian crossed the Bosporus and advanced quickly through Anatolia. While the Roman general Marcus Aurelius Probus recovered Egypt. Aurelian defeated Zenobia in the Battle of Immae near Antioch. The Palmyrene armies retreated to Antioch, then later Emesa, while Aurelian advanced and took the former. The defeat at Emesa forced the Palmyrene armies to evacuate to the capital. The Romans began a siege. Zenobia, Vaballathus's mother, left the city and headed east to ask the Sasanian Empire for help. The Romans followed the queen, arrested her near the Euphrates, and brought her back to the emperor. Soon after the city fell. Vaballathus, his mother and her council were taken to Emesa and put on trial. Most of the high-ranking Palmyrene officials were executed. Vaballathus and Zenobia were sent to Rome to be displayed in Aurelian's Triumph.RA21371. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3105, BnF XII 1244, Göbl MIR 353a3, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, gVF, weight 3.847 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, die axis 180o, 3rd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right, Γ below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
Vabalathus, son of the Palmyran king Odenathus and Zenobia, was declared Augustus but Aurelian defeated his forces. He and Zenobia were then taken to Rome where they were paraded in humiliation in Aurelian's Triumph. According to some sources, they were allowed to live the rest of their lives in great comfort in Rome. The abbreviated titles of Vabalathus most likely were, Vir Clarissimus Romanorum (or Rex) Imperator Dux Romanorum. The portraits of Vabalathus are interesting because they display both the Roman laurel and the Hellenistic royal diadem.RA85176. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3107, RIC V-2 381, BnF XII 1248, Hunter IV 7, Göbl MIR 353a5, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, gVF, coppery surfaces with traces of silvering, some porosity, weight 3.262 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 315o, 5th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, from the front, E below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Vabalathus right, from behind; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
In 272, the Emperor Aurelian crossed the Bosporus and advanced quickly through Anatolia. While the Roman general Marcus Aurelius Probus recovered Egypt. Aurelian defeated Zenobia in the Battle of Immae near Antioch. The Palmyrene armies retreated to Antioch, then later Emesa, while Aurelian advanced and took the former. The defeat at Emesa forced the Palmyrene armies to evacuate to the capital. The Romans began a siege. Zenobia, Vaballathus's mother, left the city and headed east to ask the Sasanian Empire for help. The Romans followed the queen, arrested her near the Euphrates, and brought her back to the emperor. Soon after the city fell. Vaballathus, his mother and her council were taken to Emesa and put on trial. Most of the high-ranking Palmyrene officials were executed.RA85178. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3106, BnF XII 1246, Göbl MIR 353a4, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, Hunter IV -, Choice VF, full circles strike, nice portraits, coppery surfaces with traces of silvering, weight 3.902 g, maximum diameter 21.6 mm, die axis 0o, 4th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, from the front, Δ below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Vabalathus right, from behind; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
Vabalathus, son of the Palmyran king Odenathus and Zenobia, was declared Augustus but Aurelian defeated his forces. He and Zenobia were then taken to Rome where they were paraded in humiliation in Aurelian's Triumph. According to some sources, they were allowed to live the rest of their lives in great comfort in Rome. The abbreviated titles of Vabalathus most likely were, Vir Clarissimus Romanorum (or Rex) Imperator Dux Romanorum. The portraits of Vabalathus are interesting because they display both the Roman laurel and the Hellenistic royal diadem.RA85180. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3110, BnF XII 1255, Göbl MIR 353a7, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, Hunter IV -, Choice EF, well centered, sharp detail, coppery surfaces, weight 4.137 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 0o, 7th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, from the front, Z below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Vabalathus right, from behind; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
According to Zosimus, after his defeat, Vaballathus died on the way to Rome. Other sources imply Aurelian allowed Vaballathus and his mother Zenobia to live, but only after they had been marched through the streets of Rome in a triumphal procession. This would have been humiliating, but better than death. This theory is supported by Aurelian's similar treatment of the Tetrici, Tetricus I and Tetricus II of the Gallic Empire, long-time enemies of Rome whom the emperor allowed to retire following their defeat at the Battle of Châlons in 274.RA87975. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3102, BnF XII 1239, Göbl MIR 353a1, Hunter IV 1, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, Choice gVF, well centered, sharp detail, minor porosity/corrosion, edge cracks, small edge split, weight 2.733 g, maximum diameter 20.5 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right, A below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
Vabalathus, son of the Palmyran king Odenathus and Zenobia, was declared Augustus but Aurelian defeated his forces. He and Zenobia were then taken to Rome where they were paraded in humiliation in Aurelian's Triumph. According to some sources, they were allowed to live the rest of their lives in great comfort in Rome. The abbreviated titles of Vabalathus most likely were, Vir Clarissimus Romanorum (or Rex) Imperator Dux Romanorum. The portraits of Vabalathus are interesting because they display both the Roman laurel and the Hellenistic royal diadem.RA87979. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3106, BnF XII 1246, Göbl MIR 353a4, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, Hunter IV -, Choice EF, brown tone, sharp detail, weight 2.939 g, maximum diameter 21.8 mm, die axis 180o, 4th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, from the front, Δ below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Vabalathus right, from behind; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt
In October of 270, a Palmyrene army of 70,000 invaded Egypt, and declared Zenobia, Vaballathus's mother, the Queen of Egypt. The Roman general Tenagino Probus was able to regain Alexandria in November, but was defeated and escaped to the fortress of Babylon, where he was besieged and killed by Zabdas, a Palmyrene general, who continued his march south and secured Egypt. RX48326. Billon tetradrachm, Geissen 3054, Dattari 5422, Milne 4308, SNG Cop 899, BMC Alexandria 2386, SRCV III 11720, Kampmann 106.68, Emmett 3914.1A.4D (R1), gVF, attractive, minor flan edge flaw, well centered and struck, nice surfaces, weight 8.499 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, Nov 270 - 28 Aug 271 A.D.; obverse AYT KΛ Δ AYPHΛIANOC CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, date L - A ( year 1 ) at sides; reverse I A C OVABAΛΛAΘOC AΘHNO V AVT C PΩ, laureate, diademed and draped bust of Vabalathus right, date L - Δ (year 4) across fields; from the Scott Shautt Collection; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt
In October of 270, a Palmyrene army of 70,000 invaded Egypt, and declared Zenobia, Vaballathus's mother, the Queen of Egypt. The Roman general Tenagino Probus was able to regain Alexandria in November, but was defeated and escaped to the fortress of Babylon, where he was besieged and killed by Zabdas, a Palmyrene general, who continued his march south and secured Egypt. RX71575. Billon tetradrachm, Geissen 3056; Dattari-Savio 5423; BMC Alexandria p. 309, 2384; Milne 4322; Kampmann 106.67; SNG Cop 898 var., SRCV III 11720, Emmett 1914.1B.4C (R1), F/VF, choice reverse, some corrosion and encrustation on obverse, weight 11.399 g, maximum diameter 23.5 mm, die axis 45o, Alexandria mint, Nov 270 - 28 Aug 271 A.D.; obverse A K L ΔOM AYPHΛIANOC CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, LA (year 1) lower right; reverse I A C OYABAΛΛAΘOC AΘHN Y A C P, laureate, diademed and draped bust of Vabalathus right, L - Δ (year 4) divided across field; ex Mediterranean Coins; SOLD
Palmyrene-Roman Empire, Aurelian and Vabalathus, c. Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.
Initially, Aurelian recognized Vaballathus' rule, likely because he was engaged in conflict with the Gallic Empire in the west and hesitated to incite open warfare with the Palmyrene Empire. This mutual recognition is verified by coins issued by Zenobia under Vaballathus's name, which also acknowledged Aurelian as emperor. Aurelian is depicted wearing a radiate crown that signifies his supremacy, and Vaballathus is crowned with a laurel wreath and the Hellenistic royal diadem. The abbreviated titles of Vabalathus most likely were, Vir Clarissimus Romanorum (or Rex) Imperator Dux Romanorum.RA57059. Billon antoninianus, MER-RIC 3103, BnF XII 1241, Göbl MIR 353a2, Hunter IV 5, RIC V-2 381, Cohen VI 1, SRCV III 11718, VF, attractive highlighting Syrian patina, weight 3.773 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Nov 270 - Mar 272 A.D.; obverse IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Aurelian right, B below; reverse VABALATHVS V C R IM D R, laureate, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Vabalathus right; SOLD
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