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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Crisis & Decline| ▸ |Maximus||View Options:  |  |  |   

Maximus, Caesar 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D.

Handsome and accomplished, but ill mannered, Maximus was declared caesar at eighteen years of age. He became so proud, insolent, and vicious, that he was soon detested as much as his father. After a short time in Rome, he was obliged to join his father in Germany. Betrothed to Junia Fadilla, he was on the verge uniting his barbarian blood to that of the illustrious family of Antoninus Pius, when he was assassinated alongside his father by disgruntled soldiers.

Maximus, Caesar, 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D., Tarsus, Cilicia

|Cilicia|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.,| |Tarsus,| |Cilicia||AE| |33|
The Ciliarch (or Cilicarch) was the high priest of Cilicia. The Ciliarch presided over the provinces temples dedicated to Roman emperors. The busts on his crown, which vary considerably from depiction to depiction, are those of the emperors and empresses who were honored in those provincial temples. Tarsus had temples of Hadrian and Septimius Severus, thus theirs are two of the heads on the crown.
RP92559. Bronze AE 33, SNG BnF 1615 (same dies), Waddington 4661, SNG Levante -, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, BMC Lycaonia -, F, broad flan, highlighting deposits, porosity, weight 14.816 g, maximum diameter 33.3 mm, die axis 0o, Tarsos (Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey) mint, 235 - 238 A.D.; obverse Γ IOY OYH MAΞIMOC KAIC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse TAPCOV (counterclockwise below), THC MHTPO (clockwise above), EΠA / PXIK/WN within Ciliarch crown decorated with six imperial heads and Nike holding a wreath and palm frond; from the Errett Bishop Collection; SOLD


|Maximus|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.||sestertius|
When Augustus ruled Rome, he was not called emperor or king, he was the Princeps, the "first of men." In the empire, the designated successors to the emperor were named caesar and also given the title Princeps Juventutis, the "first of youths." This is the origin of the English word prince, meaning the son of a monarch.
SH89839. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 13, BMCRE V 213, Hunter III 11, Cohen IV 14, SRCV III 8411, gF, excellent portrait, well centered, edge split, weight 23.265 g, maximum diameter 32.3 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, early 236 - Apr 238 A.D.; obverse MAXIMVS CAES GERM, bare-headed and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS (to the Prince of Youth), Maximus standing left, head bare, short scepter in right hand, transverse spear in left hand, two military standards behind, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; ex Numismatik Naumann auction 73 (6 Jan 2019), lot 543; scarce; SOLD


|Maximus|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.||sestertius|
A.D. 238 was the year of six emperors. Maximinus Thrax was killed (along with his son Maximus Caesar) when his soldiers mutinied. Gordian II was killed in battle. Gordian I hanged himself. Pupienus was lynched by his bodyguard. Balbinus was beaten and dragged naked through the streets of Rome before being killed by the Praetorians. Gordian III lived to become sole emperor.
RB37393. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 13, BMCRE V 213, Hunter III 11, Cohen IV 14, SRCV III 8411, VF, well centered, brown toning, weight 20.502 g, maximum diameter 31.8 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, early 236 - Apr 238 A.D.; obverse MAXIMVS CAES GERM, bare-headed and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS (to the Prince of Youth), Maximus standing left, scepter in right, transverse spear in left, two military standards behind, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; scarce; SOLD


Maximus, Caesar, 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D., Tarsus, Cilicia

|Cilicia|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.,| |Tarsus,| |Cilicia||AE| |35|
The inscription A M K Γ B is a boast of Tarsos: Πρωτη Mεγιστη Kαλλιστη, First (A is the Greek numeral one), Greatest, and Most Beautiful city of the three (adjoining) provinces (Cilicia, Isauria, Lycaonia).
SH57169. Bronze AE 35, SNG Levante -, SNG BnF -, SNGvA -, SNG Cop -, BMC Lycaonia -, SNG PfPS -, Lindgren -, gF, weight 16.165 g, maximum diameter 35.0 mm, die axis 180o, Tarsos (Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey) mint, 235 - 238 A.D.; obverse Γ IOY OYH MAΞIMOC KAIC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse TAPCOV THC MHTPOΠOΛEWC, male figure (Maximus?) standing left, branch pointed downward in right, Γ / B in left field, A / M / K in right field; big 35mm bronze, the only example of this type known to Forum!; extremely rare; SOLD


Maximus, Caesar, 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt

|Roman| |Egypt|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.,| |Roman| |Provincial| |Egypt||tetradrachm|
The Alexandria mint's year four portraits of Maximus are a significant shift from the teen-aged image used during the previous years. He was 20 years old during his final year as Caesar.
RX87472. Billon tetradrachm, Dattari-Savio 4632, Kampmann-Ganschow 67.32, Milne 3276, Emmett 3326/4 (R3), Geissen -, SNG Cop -, SNG Milan -, SNG Hunt -, gVF, well centered, nice portrait, a little grainy/porous, small edge crack, weight 11.318 g, maximum diameter 23.5 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, 29 Aug 237 - 24 Jun 238 A.D.; obverse Γ IOVΛ OVHP MAZIMOC KAI, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse Nike seated left, raising wreath in right hand, palm frond in right hand cradled in right arm and over shoulder, L Δ (year 4) in lower left field; very scarce; SOLD


Maximus, Caesar, 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D., Tomis, Moesia Inferior

|Tomis|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.,| |Tomis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||AE| |27|
Nemesis, the winged balancer of life, is the goddess of revenge, the avenger of crimes and punisher of wicked doers. She distributes fortune, good or bad, in due proportion to each according to what is deserved. The wheel of fate rests against her side. She holds a lorum, a long scarf worn by Roman magistrates, to symbolize her authority as judge, and holds the scales and cubit rule to measure each man's just deserts.
RP49048. Bronze AE 27, Varbanov I 5519, AMNG I/II 3348a, VF, attractive dark green patina, weight 10.460 g, maximum diameter 27.2 mm, die axis 180o, Tomis (Constanta, Romania) mint, obverse Γ IOYΛ OYH MAΞIMOC KAIC, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse MHTPO ΠONTOY TOMEΩC, Nemesis standing facing, head left, wand in right hand, scepter in left hand, wheel at feet, Δ (mark of value) in left; scarce; SOLD


Maximus, Caesar, 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D., Coropissos, Cilicia

|Maximus|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.,| |Coropissos,| |Cilicia||AE| |29|
Coropissos lay on the major route from Laranda to Olba and Claudiopolis in southern Asia Minor. It was a thriving town with the status of a "Polis". The modern town of Dag Pazari stands on the site and here too, the bulldozers spared none of the ancient buildings.
RP45914. Bronze AE 29, SNG Levante 591, SNG BnF 773 var. (rev. legend), SNGvA 5675 var. (obv. legend), BMC Lycaonia -, F, dark sea-green patina, weight 11.366 g, maximum diameter 29.4 mm, die axis 225o, Coropissos (Dag Pazari, Turkey) mint, obverse Γ I OYH MAΞIMON KECAPA, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse KOPOΠICCEΩN THC KHTΩN MHTPOΛEΩC, tetrastyle temple, Tyche seated left within; rare; SOLD


Maximus, Caesar, 235 or 236 - 24 June 238 A.D., Koinon of Thessaly

|Maximus|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.,| |Koinon| |of| |Thessaly||AE| |23|
Missing from important collections and no examples online. Sear includes a photo and cites the British Museum but the type is not listed in BMC.
RP42703. Bronze AE 23, SGICV 3567 var. (obv legend, not cuir., warrior holds sword), BMC -, SNG Cop -, SNG Fitzwilliam -, SNG Lewis -, SNG Righetti -, SNG Hunterian, et al., VF, weight 6.231 g, maximum diameter 23.1 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalian League mint, obverse Γ IOY OY MANTXIMOC, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse [KOINO]N ΘECCAΛΩN, warrior (Ajax?) advancing right, transverse spear in right hand, large shield in left; attractive reverse style; extremely rare; SOLD


|Maximus|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.||sestertius|
When Augustus ruled Rome, he was not called emperor or king, he was the Princeps, the "first of men." In the empire, the designated successors to the emperor were named caesar and also given the title Princeps Juventutis, the "first of youths." This is the origin of the English word prince, meaning the son of a monarch.
RB84929. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 13, BMCRE V 213, Hunter III 11, Cohen IV 14, SRCV III 8411, aVF, perfect centering, nice portrait, porous, weight 21.246 g, maximum diameter 31.0 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, early 236 - Apr 238 A.D.; obverse MAXIMVS CAES GERM, bare-headed and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS (to the Prince of Youth), Maximus standing left, head bare, short scepter in right hand, transverse spear in left hand, two military standards behind, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; scarce; SOLD


|Maximus|, |Maximus,| |Caesar,| |235| |or| |236| |-| |24| |June| |238| |A.D.||as|
When Augustus ruled Rome, he was not called emperor or king, he was the Princeps, the "first of men." In the empire, the designated successors to the emperor were named caesar and also given the title Princeps Juventutis, the "first of youths." This is the origin of the English word prince, meaning the son of a monarch.
RB92924. Bronze as, RIC IV 14(b), BMCRE VI 218, Hunter III 15, SRCV III 8415, Cohen IV 15, VF, well centered, corrosion, scratches, light smoothing, weight 9.475 g, maximum diameter 24.3 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, early 236 - Mar/Apr 238 A.D.; obverse MAXIMVS CAES GERM, bare-headed and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS (to the Prince of Youth), Maximus standing left, head bare, short scepter in right hand, transverse spear in left hand, two military standards behind, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; scarce; SOLD




  




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OBVERSE LEGENDS

CIVLVERVSMAXIMVSCAES
ILVVERVSMAXIMVSCAES
MAXIMVSCAESGERM
MAXIMVSCAESARGERM


REFERENCE

Alram, A. Die Münzprägung der Kaiser Maximinus I Thrax (235 / 238). (Wien, 1989).
Banti, A. & L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 4: Septimius Severus to Maximinus Thrax. (Paris, 1884).
Mattingly, H., E. Sydenham & C. Sutherland. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol IV, From Pertinax to Uranius Antoninus. (London, 1986).
Mattingly, H. & R. Carson. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum, Vol. 6: Severus Alexander to Pupienus. (London, 1963).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. III. Pertinax to Aemilian. (Oxford, 1977).
Seaby, H. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Volume III, Pertinax to Balbinus and Pupienus. (London, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values III, The Accession of Maximinus I to the Death of Carinus AD 235 - AD 285. (London, 2005).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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