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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Crisis & Decline| ▸ |Herennia Etruscilla||View Options:  |  |  |   

Herennia Etruscilla, Augusta July 249 - April/August 253? A.D.

Herennia Etruscilla was the wife of Trajan Decius. As with most third century Roman empresses, very little about her is known. She lived to sink into obscurity after her husband and sons perished. She probably retained the title of Augusta under Trebonianus Gallus and coins may have been struck for her as late as 253 A.D.

Herennia Etruscilla, Augusta July 249 - April/August 253(?) A.D., Antioch, Syria

|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253(?)| |A.D.,| |Antioch,| |Syria||tetradrachm|
Antioch was called "the cradle of Christianity" as a result of its longevity and the pivotal role that it played in the emergence of both Hellenistic Judaism and early Christianity. The name "Christian" first emerged in Antioch. It was one of the four cities of the Syrian Tetrapolis, and its residents were known as Antiochenes. It was a metropolis of half a million people during Augustan times, but it declined to relative insignificance during the Middle Ages because of warfare, repeated earthquakes, and a change in trade routes, which no longer passed through Antioch from the far east following the Mongol conquests.
RY06962. Billon tetradrachm, cf. McAlee 1168, Prieur 616, SNG Cop -, BMC Galatia -, aEF, well centered, flat areas on eagle, weight 10.760 g, maximum diameter 26.6 mm, die axis 180o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 249 - 251 A.D.; obverse EPENNIA ETOPOVCKIΛΛA CEB, draped bust right, crescent behind shoulders, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait looped up the back of her head; reverse ΔHMAPX EΞOYCIAC (holder of Tribunitian power), eagle standing facing on palm frond, head left, wings open, wreath in beak, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253(?)| |A.D.||as|
Fecunditas (Latin: "fecundity, fertility") was the goddess of fertility. She was portrayed as a matron, sometimes holding a cornucopia or a hasta pura, often with children in her arms or standing next to her.
RB83107. Copper as, RIC IV 134b, Cohen V 10, SRCV III 9507, Hunter III 13 var. (AVGG), nice VF, pleasing portrait, attractive green patina, weight 8.936 g, maximum diameter 24.3 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, c. 250 - 251 A.D.; obverse HERENNIA ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait looped at the back of neck; reverse FECVNDITAS AVG, Fecunditas standing left, right hand extended over child standing at her feet left, cornucopia in left hand, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; rare; SOLD


|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253(?)| |A.D.||dupondius|
Pudicitia, modesty and chastity, was the finest quality that a Roman woman could possess. Romans gave their highest praise to women, such as Julia Domna, who had only one husband in their lifetimes. Few women obtained this distinction in Roman society, where girls married young, husbands often died while their wives were still young, and divorce was easy to obtain and common. Click to see a video demonstration recreating Herennia Etruscilla's hairstyle.
SH53699. Bronze dupondius, RIC IV 136d, Cohen V 24, Hunter III 19, SRCV III 9506, gF, weight 8.423 g, maximum diameter 24.2 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, c. 250 A.D.; obverse HERENNIA ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, crescent behind shoulders, wearing stephane, hair in plait looped up the back of head; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia (modesty) seated, adjusting veil with right hand, long transverse scepter in left hand, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; rare; SOLD


Herennia Etruscilla, Augusta July 249 - April/August 253(?) A.D., Provincia Dacia

|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253(?)| |A.D.,| |Provincia| |Dacia||AE| |29|
The local era dates from Philip's Danubian campaign victory over the invading Carpi tribe in the summer of 246. The eagle and the lion, symbolized the legions V Macedonica and XIII Gemina, which took part in the campaign. The Provincia Dacia issues are mostly rare and were minted for only 8 years.
RP29254. Bronze AE 29, Varbanov I 52 (R6); Aleksandar Dacia V.4; AMNG I/I 45; BMC Thrace -, aVF, weight 12.277 g, maximum diameter 28.7 mm, die axis 180o, Ulpia Traiana(?) mint, Jul/Aug 250 - Jul/Aug 251 A.D.; obverse HER ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in plait looped at the back of neck; reverse PROVINCIA DACIA, Dacia standing half-left, extending branch right, scepter in left, eagle with wreath in beak at feet on left, lion walking left on right, AN V (year 5) in exergue; very rare; SOLD


|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253| |A.D.||sestertius|
In 250 the Plague of Cyprian, a pandemic probably smallpox, began. It was still raging in 270 when it claimed the life of emperor Claudius II Gothicus. At the height of the outbreak, 5,000 people a day were said to be dying in Rome. The plague caused widespread manpower shortages in agriculture and the Roman army.
RB68394. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 136b, Cohen V 22, Hunter III 16, SRCV III 9505, VF, light scratches, weight 16.030 g, maximum diameter 28.5 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 249 - 251 A.D.; obverse HERENNIA ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait looped at the back of neck; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia (modesty) seated left, drawing veil with right hand, transverse scepter in left hand, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; SOLD


|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Pudicitia, modesty and chastity, was for Romans the highest regarded female virtue. For an unmarried girl, pudicitia meant virginity. For a wife, it meant faithfulness and devotion to her husband. Romans loved the story of Arria, an ultimate example of Roman pudicitia. When the emperor Claudius ordered her husband Paetus to end his own life, he hesitated. Arria took his dagger and stabbed herself to set an example, saying, "Paetus, it doesn't hurt."
RS74470. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 59b, RSC IV 19, Hunter III 10, SRCV III 9495, Choice EF, weight 4.389 g, maximum diameter 22.6 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, c. 250 A.D.; obverse HER ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, crescent behind shoulders, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait looped at the back of neck; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia (modesty) seated left on throne, drawing veil from face with right hand, transverse scepter in left hand; SOLD


|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253(?)| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Pudicitia, modesty and chastity, was the finest quality that a Roman woman could possess. Romans gave their highest praise to women, such as Julia Domna, who had only one husband in their lifetimes. Few women obtained this distinction in Roman society, where girls married young, husbands often died while their wives were still young, and divorce was easy to obtain and common. Click to see a video demonstration recreating Herennia Etruscilla's hairstyle.
RS11058. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 58b, RSC IV 17, Hunter III 4, SRCV III 9494, aEF, weight 3.706 g, maximum diameter 22.8 mm, die axis 45o, Rome mint, 249 - 251 A.D.; obverse HER ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, crescent behind shoulders, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait looped at the back of neck; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia standing left, drawing veil from face with right hand, transverse scepter in left hand; SOLD


Herennia Etruscilla, Augusta July 249 - April/August 253 A.D.

|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Pudicitia, modesty and chastity, was for Romans the highest regarded female virtue. For an unmarried girl, pudicitia meant virginity. For a wife, it meant faithfulness and devotion to her husband. Romans loved the story of Arria, an ultimate example of Roman pudicitia. When the emperor Claudius ordered her husband Paetus to end his own life, he hesitated. Arria took his dagger and stabbed herself to set an example, saying, "Paetus, it doesn't hurt."
RS91450. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 59b, RSC IV 19, Hunter III 10, SRCV III 9495, Choice gVF, superb portrait, bold centered strike, old cabinet toning, flow lines, some reverse die wear, tiny edge cracks, weight 3.653 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 250 A.D.; obverse HER ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, crescent behind shoulders, wearing stephane, hair in plait looped at the back of head; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia (modesty) seated left, drawing veil from face with right hand, scepter in left hand; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; SOLD


|Herennia| |Etruscilla|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253(?)| |A.D.||sestertius|
In 250 the Plague of Cyprian, a pandemic probably smallpox, began. It was still raging in 270 when it claimed the life of emperor Claudius II Gothicus. At the height of the outbreak, 5,000 people a day were said to be dying in Rome. The plague caused widespread manpower shortages in agriculture and the Roman army.
RB59595. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 136b, Cohen V 22, Hunter III 16, SRCV III 9505, aVF, weight 13.336 g, maximum diameter 28.1 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 249 - 251 A.D.; obverse HERENNIA ETRVSCILLA AVG, draped bust right, crescent behind shoulders, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait looped at the back of neck; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia (modesty) seated left, drawing veil with right hand, transverse scepter in left hand, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; rare; SOLD


Herennia Etruscilla, Augusta c. July 249 - April/August 253 A.D., Caesarea Maritima, Samaria, Syria Palestina

|Judaea| |&| |Palestine|, |Herennia| |Etruscilla,| |Augusta| |c.| |July| |249| |-| |April/August| |253| |A.D.,| |Caesarea| |Maritima,| |Samaria,| |Syria| |Palestina||AE| |24|
Caesarea, about 30 miles north of Joppa and about 70 miles northwest of Jerusalem, was founded by Herod the Great and named for Caesar Augustus. It was the seat of the Roman procurators and the Roman military headquarters in Judaea. The Pilate Stone, discovered here in 1961, is only archaeological find that names Pontius Pilate, by whose order Jesus was crucified. After the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D., Caesarea was the provincial capital of the Judaea Province. Well into Byzantine times, Caesarea remained the capital. In the 630s, Arab Muslim armies took the region, but kept Caesarea as its administrative center until early 8th century. Caesarea's ruins are a national park on the Mediterranean coast of Israel, about halfway between Tel Aviv and Haifa.
RT110024. Bronze AE 24, BMC Palestine p. 35, 172; Kadman II 163; Rosenberger II 134; SNG ANS 833; Sofaer 141; Lindgren I 2427, Choice F, centered on a broad flan, green patina with highlighting earthen deposits, weight 10.291 g, maximum diameter 23.5 mm, die axis 225o, Caesarea Maritima (Keisaria, Israel) mint, c. Jul 249 - Apr/Aug 253 A.D.; obverse ERENNIA ETRVSCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust of Herennia Etruscilla right; reverse COL P F AVG FC CAES METROP, turreted and draped bust of Tyche-Fortuna right; SOLD




  




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OBVERSE LEGENDS

HERENNIAETRVSCILLAAVG
HERETRVSCILLAAVG


REFERENCES

Banti, A. and L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, Vol. Two: From Didius Julianus to Constantius I, 193 AD - 335 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 5: Gordian I to Valerian II. (Paris, 1885).
Mattingly, H.B., E.A. Sydenham & C.H.V. Sutherland. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol IV, From Pertinax to Uranius Antoninus. (London, 1986).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. III. Pertinax to Aemilian. (Oxford, 1977).
Seaby, H.A. & D.R. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Volume IV, Gordian III to Postumus. (London, 1982).
Sear, D.R. Roman Coins and Their Values III, The Accession of Maximinus I to the Death of Carinus AD 235 - AD 285. (London, 2005).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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