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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Crisis & Decline| ▸ |Philip II||View Options:  |  |  |   

Philip II, July or August 247 - late 249 A.D.

Marcus Julius Philippus Severus (Philip II) was the son of the Philip the Arab by his wife Marcia Otacilia Severa. He was six years old when, in February or March 244, his father became emperor and he was made caesar. In 247, he was consul, and in July or August, he was elevated to Augustus and co-ruler. His father was killed in battle by his successor Decius in late 249. When news of this death reached Rome, Philip II was murdered by the Praetorian Guard. He died in his mother's arms, aged eleven years.

Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Side, Pamphylia

|Side|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.,| |Side,| |Pamphylia||pentassarion|
Side was founded by Greeks from Cyme, Aeolis, most likely in the 7th century B.C. The settlers started using the local language and over time forgot their native Greek. Excavations have revealed inscriptions written in this language, still undeciphered, dating from as late as the 2nd century B.C. The name Side is from this indigenous Anatolian language and means pomegranate.
RP92549. Bronze pentassarion, RPC Online VIII T21146 (8 spec.), SNG BnF 869, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, SNG PfPs -, BMC Lycia -, Watson -, VF, excellent centering on a broad flan, mottled green and orange patina, porous, reverse double strike, weight 18.493 g, maximum diameter 36.1 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, Jul/Aug 247 - Late 249 A.D.; obverse AYK K MAPK IOYΛ CEOYHP ΦIΛIΠΠON CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, E (mark of value) right; reverse CIΔHTΩN (N in exergue), Athena standing left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet, extending her right hand toward a tree before her, spear point upward behind in left hand; from the Errett Bishop Collection, big 36 mm bronze, only two sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; very rare; SOLD


|Philip| |II|, |Philip| |II,| |February| |244| |-| |Late| |September| |249| |A.D.||antoninianus|
This coin was struck for the 1000th anniversary of Rome. The reverse depicts the double temple of Venus and Roma, designed by Hadrian, the largest and most splendid temple in Rome, finished by Antoninus Pius sometime between 140 and 145. Damaged by fire in 307, the temple was restored "in magnificent manner" by Maxentius (Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus, XL). When Constantius visited Rome fifty years later, the so-called Temple of the City was one of the sights that he most admired (Ammianus, History, XVI.10.14). In 625, Pope Honorius received a special dispensation from Heraclius to strip the gilded bronze roof tiles for the repair of St. Peter's. During a twelve-day visit to Rome in 663, Constans II stripped it of its remaining bronze ornaments. It was damaged by an earthquake in 847. Later a church was built in the ruins.
RS45568. Silver antoninianus, Ovari 51B, RIC IV 244 var. (bust left), RSC IV 81 var. (same), VF, weight 4.275 g, maximum diameter 22.4 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, Jul - Sep 249 A.D.; obverse IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from the front; reverse SAECVLVM NOVVM (new century), hexastyle temple, statue of Roma seated within, palladium in right hand, long scepter vertical in left hand; very rare (2nd known); SOLD


Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Antioch, Seleucis and Pieria, Syria

|Decapolis,| |Arabia| |&| |Syria|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.,| |Antioch,| |Seleucis| |and| |Pieria,| |Syria||tetradrachm|
In 249, after his legionaries proclaimed him emperor, Trajan Decius marched them to Verona, where he defeated and killed Philip I. Philip's eleven-year-old son and heir was likely killed with his father.
SH59992. Billon tetradrachm, RPC Online VIII U29020; McAlee 1042; Prieur 474; BMC Galatia p. 218, 560; SNG Hunterian 3075; SNG Righetti 2029, EF, some mint luster, weight 13.462 g, maximum diameter 26.0 mm, die axis 200o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 249 A.D.; obverse AYTOK K M IOYΛI ΦIΛIΠΠOC CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right from behind; reverse ΔHMAPX EΞOYCIAC YΠA TO Δ (holder of Tribunitian power, consul for the 4th time), eagle standing right, wings open, head right, wreath in beak, ANTIOXIA over S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; SOLD


Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Antioch, Seleucis and Pieria, Syria

|Antioch|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.,| |Antioch,| |Seleucis| |and| |Pieria,| |Syria||tetradrachm|
In 249, after his legionaries proclaimed him emperor, Trajan Decius marched them to Verona, where he defeated and killed Philip I. Philip's eleven-year-old son and heir was likely killed with his father.
SH60144. Billon tetradrachm, RPC Online VIII U28990; McAlee 1043; Prieur 473; BMC Galatia p. 218, 559; SNG Fitz 5917; SNG Hunt 3074; SNG Cop -, EF, some remaining luster, sharp detail, toned, mild porosity, weight 14.347 g, maximum diameter 27.7 mm, die axis 180o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 248 - 249 A.D.; obverse AYTOK K M IOYΛI ΦIΛIΠΠOC CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right from behind; reverse ΔHMAPX EΞOYCIAC YΠA TO Δ (holder of Tribunitian power, consul for the 4th time), eagle standing left, wings open, head left, wreath in beak, ANTIOXIA over S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; SOLD


|Philip| |II|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.||sestertius|
In 145, many thousands of acres of Roman Britain, in modern-day Lincolnshire, England, were inundated by a great flood.
RB76161. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 256a (S), Cohen V 49, Hunter III 14, SRCV III 9249, Choice VF, excellent boy portrait, well centered, nice patina, a few marks, slightest corrosion in some areas, weight 20.220 g, maximum diameter 30.0 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, as caesar, 244 - 246 A.D.; obverse M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPIA IVVENTVTIS (in honor of the Prince of Youth), Philip II standing left, bare-headed, in military dress, globe in right hand, inverted spear behind in left, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field below center; scarce; SOLD


Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt

|Roman| |Egypt|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.,| |Roman| |Provincial| |Egypt||tetradrachm|
Hermanubis combined the Greek Hermes with the Egyptian Anubis; both conductors of souls. Hermanubis was popular in Egypt during Roman rule, where he was usually depicted with a human body, a jackal head, and holding the sacred caduceus.
RX74373. Billon tetradrachm, Dattari 5054; Kampmann-Ganschow 76.43; Emmett 3592; Geissen 2796 var. (obv. legend); BMC Alexandria p. 267; 2062 var. (same), Milne 3722 var. (same), Choice VF, toned, edge cracks, weight 13.4 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, 247 -248 A.D.; obverse ANT K M IOY ΦIΛIΠΠOC EYΓ, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse Hermanubis standing half right, kalathos on head, himation over left shoulder and around hips and legs, winged caduceus cradled in left arm, grounded long palm frond vertical in right hand, jackal left at feet behind on left, L - E (year 5) flanking across field; SOLD


|Philip| |II|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.||sestertius|
During Philip's reign the 1000th anniversary of Rome (248 A.D.) was celebrated, and magnificent games were held. This coin was issued as part of that celebration and the reverse undoubted depicts one of the animals displayed during the games. Traditionally this type has been described as "goat" - hardly exotic enough for the event - but it might actually be the northern European elk (similar to an American moose).
RB27030. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 264a (S), Cohen V 73, Hunter III 34, SRCV III 9283, VF, weight 19.738 g, maximum diameter 30.4 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 248 A.D.; obverse IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse SAECVLARES AVGG (Secular games [provided by] the Emperors), elk walking left, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Philip| |II|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.||antoninianus|
When Augustus ruled Rome, he was not called emperor or king, he was the Princeps, the "first of men." In the empire, the designated successors to the emperor were named caesar and also given the title Princeps Juventutis, the "first of youths." This is the origin of the English word prince, meaning the son of a monarch.
SH35005. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 216c, RSC IV 54, Hunter III 5, SRCV III 9242, Choice aUNC, weight 4.863 g, maximum diameter 23.1 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, as caesar, 244 - 246 A.D.; obverse M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENT (to the Prince of Youth), Philip II standing right in military dress, globe in left hand, transverse spear in right; very sharp, full circle centering; SOLD


|Philip| |II|, |Philip| |I| |the| |Arab,| |February| |244| |-| |End| |of| |September| |249| |A.D.||antoninianus|
In April 248, Philip combined the celebration of Rome's 1000th anniversary with the Ludi Saeculares. Festivities included spectacular games and theatrical presentations. In the Colosseum, more than 1,000 gladiators were killed along with hundreds of exotic animals including hippos, leopards, lions, giraffes, and one rhinoceros. At the same time, Philip elevated his son to the rank of co-Augustus. Undoubtedly the festivities included elephants, as advertised by this coin.
RS77602. Silver antoninianus, RSC IV 5, RIC IV 246A(a) (S) corr. (elephant right), Mazzini 5, Hunter III -, SRCV III -, Choice VF, well centered, porous, light scratches, weight 2.066 g, maximum diameter 22.0 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 248 A.D.; obverse IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, from front; reverse AETERNITAS AVGG, elephant walking left, ridden by mahout guiding it with rod and goad; scarce; SOLD


|Philip| |II|, |Philip| |I| |the| |Arab,| |February| |244| |-| |End| |of| |September| |249| |A.D.||antoninianus|
In April 248, Philip combined the celebration of Rome's 1000th anniversary with the Ludi Saeculares. Festivities included spectacular games and theatrical presentations. In the Colosseum, more than 1,000 gladiators were killed along with hundreds of exotic animals including hippos, leopards, lions, giraffes, and one rhinoceros. At the same time, Philip elevated his son to the rank of co-Augustus. Undoubtedly the festivities included elephants, as advertised by this coin.
RS76195. Silver antoninianus, RSC IV 5, RIC IV 246A(a) (S) corr. (elephant right), Mazzini 5, Hunter III -, SRCV III -, VF, well centered, nice portrait, toned, deposits, light marks, weight 4.068 g, maximum diameter 23.3 mm, die axis 180o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 248 A.D.; obverse IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse AETERNITAS AVGG, elephant walking left, ridden by mahout guiding it with rod and goad; scarce; SOLD




  




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OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

MIVLPHILIPPVSCAES
MIVLPHILIPPVSNOBILCAES
IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG
IMPPHILIPPVSAVG


REFERENCES|

Banti, A. & L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
Bland, R. "Dr. Bland's List for Philip I and Family" - Summary on NumisWiki
Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, vol. 2: From Didius Julianus to Constantius I, 193 AD - 335 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 5: Gordian I to Valerian II. (Paris, 1885).
Göbl, R. "Römischer Münzhort Tulln 1966 (Septimius Severus - Gallienus)" in NZ 83 (1969). pp. 7-57, pl. 1-48.
Mattingly, H., E. Sydenham & C. Sutherland. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol IV, From Pertinax to Uranius Antoninus. (London, 1986).
Muona, J. "The Antoniniani of Philip the Arab" in The Celator, Feb. 2002, p. 10.
Muona, J. "The Imperial mints of Philip the Arab" - https://www.forumancientcoins.com/Articles/Philip_Arab/index.html
Óvári, F. "Philippus antiochiai veretu antoninianusairól" in Numizmatikai Közlöny 88/89 (1989/90), pp. 41 - 48.
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. III. Pertinax to Aemilian. (Oxford, 1977).
Seaby, H. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Volume IV, Gordian III to Postumus. (London, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values III, The Accession of Maximinus I to the Death of Carinus AD 235 - AD 285. (London, 2005).
Thibaut, M. Antoniniani from the Mint of Antioch Under the Reign of Philip the Arab (244-249 AD) - http://marchal.thibaut.free.fr/e_index.htm
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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