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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Byzantine Coins| ▸ |Heraclean Dynasty| ▸ |Heraclius||View Options:  |  |  |   

Heraclius, 5 October 610 - 11 January 641 A.D.

Joint rule with Heraclius Constantine (his son), 23 January 613 - 3 July 638 A.D.
Joint rule with Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas (his sons), 4 July 638 - 11 January 641 A.D.
Heraclius came to power in 610 following a successful revolt in North Africa against the tyrannical rule of the Emperor Focas. His son Heraclius Constantine was elevated to joint rule in 613 A.D. Heraclius' most spectacular military achievement was the total defeat of Rome's old enemy on the eastern frontier, the Sassanid Persians. Unfortunately, this only facilitated the Arab conquest of Persia and the eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines lost Syria and Palestine before Heraclius died in early 641 A.D. and Egypt fell to the Arabs soon after.

Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius| |&| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |23| |January| |613| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
This variant is missing from the major collections except Dumbarton Oaks, but they do not have this officina.
SH56778. Gold solidus, Hahn MIB 33 (refs Birmingham and Nikertai 212 for this officina); SBCV 753; DOC II-1 28 var. (officina not listed); BMC -; BN -; R -; T -, VF, graffiti, uneven strike, weight 4.504 g, maximum diameter 21.0 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 629 - 631 A.D.; obverse dd NN hERACLIuS et hERA CONSt pp AV, facing busts of Heraclius, wearing long beard and his son Heraclius Constantine, short beard, both wear a simple crown with a cross on a circlet, cross above; reverse VICTORIA AVGYST (S reversed), cross potent on three steps, CONOB in exergue; extremely rare; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius| |&| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |23| |January| |613| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
In 632, Heraclonas, Heraclius younger son, was designated Caesar and added to the coinage. Heraclonas was seven years old. The Heraclian monogram on the reverse replaces the more typical obverse inscription.
SH56780. Gold solidus, Wroth BMC 76; Tolstoi 410; DOC II-1 44f (no examples in the collection, refs Wroth and Tolstoi); SBCV 770; Hahn MIB 53, gVF, light graffiti, weight 4.390 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 180o, 8th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 639(?) - 641; obverse Heraclius with long beard and mustache between his sons, Heraclonas on left and Heraclius Constantine on right, all stand facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGu H (victory of the Emperor, 8th officina), cross potent on three steps, Heraclian monogram left, E right, CONOB in exergue, light graffiti in right field; nicely centered, luster in fields; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius| |&| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |23| |January| |613| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
According to Islamic tradition, in 621, Muhammad made the Night Journey on the steed Buraq from Mecca to Jerusalem's Temple Mount, and then he ascended to heaven where he spoke with God who gave instructions regarding prayer, and then rode back to Mecca.
SH64062. Gold solidus, Hahn MIB 37a; SBCV 751; DOC II-1 30 (first officina not listed); Morrisson 35 (same); Wroth BMC 42 (same); Tolstoi 175 (same); Ratto -, VF, weight 4.281 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 180o, 5th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 626 - 629 A.D.; obverse dd NN hERACLIuS et hERA CONSt pp AVG, facing busts of Heraclius, with long beard, and his son Heraclius Constantine, beardless, much smaller, cross above; reverse VICTORIA AVGu A (victory of the Emperor, 1st officina), cross potent on three steps, K right, CONOB in exergue; rare; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius, Heraclius Constantine, and Heraclonas, 632 - 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius,| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |and| |Heraclonas,| |632| |-| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
In 632, Heraclonas, Heraclius younger son, was designated Caesar and added to the coinage. Heraclonas was seven years old. The Heraclian monogram on the reverse replaces the more typical obverse inscription.
SH56801. Gold solidus, DOC II-1 36g; SBCV 761; Hahn MIB 42; Wroth BMC -; Tolstoi -; Ratto -, gVF, graffiti, weight 4.391 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 180o, 10th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 636 - 637; obverse Heraclius with long beard and mustache between his sons, Heraclonas on left and Heraclius Constantine on right, all stand facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGu I (victory of the Emperor, 10th officina), cross potent on three steps, Heraclian monogram left, I right, CONOB in exergue, graffiti "OΔ" below CONOB; nicely centered, luster in fields; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius| |&| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |23| |January| |613| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
In 632, Heraclonas, Heraclius younger son, was designated Caesar and added to the coinage. Heraclonas was seven years old. The Heraclian monogram on the reverse replaces the more typical obverse inscription.
SH66466. Gold solidus, DOC II-1 38a; Hahn MIB 44; SBCV 763; Wroth BMC -; Ratto -, gVF, light scratch in reverse lower right field, excellent centering, luster in fields, weight 4.447 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 180o, 6th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 636 - 637(?); obverse Heraclius with long beard and mustache between his sons, Heraclonas on left and Heraclius Constantine on right, all stand facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGu S (victory of the Emperor, 6th officina), cross potent on three steps, Heraclian monogram left, I right, CONOB in exergue; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius, 5 October 610 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius,| |5| |October| |610| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
On 4 October 610 A.D., Heraclius arrived at Constantinople with a fleet from Africa. Assisted by an uprising in the capital, he overthrew Phocas, who was killed by the mob. Heraclius gained the throne with help from his father Heraclius the Elder. His first major act was to change the official language of the Eastern Roman Empire from Latin to Greek (already the language of the vast majority of the population).
SH69981. Gold solidus, DOC II-1 3b; Wroth BMC 5; Tolstoi 3; Ratto 1279; Sommer 11.3; Hahn MIB 5; SBCV 731, aEF, areas of weak strike, weight 4.390 g, maximum diameter 20.9 mm, die axis 225o, 5th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 5 Oct 610 - 613 A.D.; obverse D N hERACLI-VS PP AVC, bust facing with short beard and moustache, wearing plumed helmet and chlamys, holding a cross; reverse VICTORIA AVGu E (victory of the Emperor, 5th officina), cross potent on three steps, CONOB below; scarce; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius| |&| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |23| |January| |613| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
According to Islamic tradition, in 621, Muhammad made the Night Journey on the steed Buraq from Mecca to Jerusalem's Temple Mount, and then he ascended to heaven where he spoke with God who gave instructions regarding prayer, and then rode back to Mecca.
SH56802. Gold solidus, DOC II-1 9a; Wroth BMC -; Tolstoi 140 - 141; Ratto 1361; Morrisson 14; Hahn MIB 9; SBCV 736, gVF, graffiti, weight 4.373 g, maximum diameter 21.4 mm, die axis 180o, 5th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 616 - 625 A.D.; obverse dd NN hERACLIuS et hERA CONSt pp AVG, facing busts of Heraclius, with short beard, and his son Heraclius Constantine, beardless, much smaller, cross above; reverse VICTORIA AVGu E (victory of the Emperor, 5th officina), cross potent on three steps, N right, CONOB in exergue; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius, Heraclius Constantine, and Heraclonas, 632 - 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius,| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |and| |Heraclonas,| |632| |-| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
Although Hahn identifies three examples, this type from the 10th officina is missing from the major collections.
SH56794. Gold solidus, DOC II 43 var. (officina I not listed); Ratto 1488 - 1490 var. (same), Tolstoi 383 var. (same), Wroth BMC 60 var. (same); SBCV 769; Hahn MIB 50, aEF, area of flat strike, weight 4.445 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 180o, 10th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 639(?) - 641; obverse Heraclius with long beard and mustache between his sons, Heraclonas on left and Heraclius Constantine on right, all stand facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGu I (victory of the Emperor, 10th officina), cross potent on three steps, Heraclian monogram left, no symbol right, CONOB in exergue; rare variant; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius, Heraclius Constantine, and Heraclonas, 632 - 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius,| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |and| |Heraclonas,| |632| |-| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
In 639, the Islamic Rashidun army invaded Byzantine Egypt with 4,000 men. They captured the strategic town of Pelusium after a two-month siege. Reinforcements from Medina and Sinai Bedouin tribes increased the Arab force to 15,000 men. On 6 July 640, the Arab army surrounded and defeated a Byzantine army, and captured the city of Heliopolis. On 21 December 640, after a seven-month siege the Arabs captured the fortress at Babylon, Egypt. The Arabs laid siege to Alexandria in March 641. The city was heavily fortified with walls within walls, and forts within forts, was well supplied with provisions and food, and with direct access to the sea, men and supplies could be delivered at any time. It is said that Heraclius, the Byzantine emperor, collected a large army at Constantinople and intended to personally march at the head of these reinforcements to Alexandria. Before he could finalize the arrangements, he died. The troops mustered at Constantinople dispersed, no help came to Alexandria, and the city fell in September 641. Thousands of Byzantine soldiers were killed or taken captive while others managed to flee to Constantinople on ships that had been anchored in the port. Some wealthy traders also left. 'Amr is reported to have written to Caliph 'Umar: "We have conquered Alexandria. In this city there are 4,000 palaces, 400 places of entertainment, and untold wealth."
SH56806. Gold solidus, Morrisson 67; Ratto 1488; DOC II-1 43a (no examples in the collection, references Ratto 1488); Hahn MIB 50; SBCV 769; Wroth BMC -, EF, weight 4.600 g, maximum diameter 20.6 mm, die axis 180o, 2nd officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 639(?) - 641; obverse Heraclius with long beard and mustache between his sons, Heraclonas on left and Heraclius Constantine on right, all stand facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGu B (victory of the Emperor, 2nd officina), cross potent on three steps, Heraclian monogram left, no symbol right, CONOB in exergue; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D.

|Heraclius|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Heraclius| |&| |Heraclius| |Constantine,| |23| |January| |613| |-| |11| |January| |641| |A.D.||solidus|
This type struck by the 4th officina is missing from the most of the major collections but, in Moneta Imperii Byzantini, Hahn lists five examples and there were two examples in the Nikertai Hoard.
SH56774. Gold solidus, Sommer 11.9.1; Nikertai Hoard 89 - 90; Hahn MIB 11; SBCV 738; DOC II - (type 13, off. not listed); Morrisson BnF -; Wroth BMC -; Ratto -; Tolstoi -, EF, minor flaw rev right field, weight 4.458 g, maximum diameter 21.3 mm, die axis 180o, 4th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 616 - 625 A.D.; obverse dd NN hERACLIUS ET hERA CONST PP -, facing busts of Heraclius, on left with short beard, and his son Heraclius Constantine, beardless and smaller, each wearing a simple crown with cross on circlet, cross between them above; reverse VICTORIA AVGY Δ (victory of the Emperor, 4th officina), cross potent on three steps, CONOB in exergue; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

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Hahn, W. Moneta Imperii Byzantini, Volume 3: Heraclius - Leo III (610 - 720). (Vienna, 1981).
Hahn, W. & M. Metlich. Money of the Insipient Byzantine Empire. (Vienna, 2000).
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Metlich, M. The Coinage of Ostrogothic Italy. (London, 2004).
Morrisson, C. Catalogue des Monnaies Byzantines de la Bibliothèque Nationale. (Paris, 1970).
Ranieri, E. La monetazione di Ravenna antica dal V all' VIII secolo: impero romano e bizantino, regno ostrogoto e langobardo. (Bologna, 2006).
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Ricotti-Prina, D. "La monetazione siciliana nell'epoca bizantina" in Numismatica 16 (1950), pp. 26 - 60.
Sabatier, J. Description générale des monnaies Byzantines. (Paris, 1863).
Schulze|, W., I. Schulze|, & W. Leimenstoll. "Heraclian countermarks on Byzantine| copper coins in seventh century Syria" in Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1 (2006), pp. 1-27.
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Sommer, A. Die Münzen des Byzantinischen Reiches 491-1453. Mit einem Anhang: Die Münzen des Kaiserreichs von Trapezunt. (Regenstauf, 2010).
Tolstoi, I. Monnaies byzantines. (St. Petersburg, 1913 - 14).
Wroth, W. Catalogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum. (London, 1908).
Wroth, W. Catalogue of the Coins of the Vandals, Ostrogoths, Lombards and of the Empires of Thessalonica, Nicaea, and Trebizond in the British Museum. (London, 1911).

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