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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Constantinian Era| ▸ |Decentius||View Options:  |  |  |   

Decentius, Caesar, July or August 350 - 18 August 353 A.D.

In the winter of 351/352, Magnentius, usurper of the western provinces, elevated his brother Decentius to Caesar and assigned him to oversee the defense of Gaul and the Rhine frontier. After initial success, Magnentius was defeated by Constantius II at the Battle of Mursa Major. The people of Treveri revolted and closed their gates against Decentius. Incited by Constantius, the Germanic Allemanni tribe under their chief Chnodomar invaded Gaul, defeated Decentius, and besieged him in Senonae. It was there that he learned of Magnentius' defeat at the Battle of Mons Seleucus and subsequent suicide. On 18 August 353, Decentius hanged himself in the besieged city, ending the civil war.

Decentius, Caesar, July or August 350 - 18 August 353 A.D., Ancient Counterfeit or Barbaric Imitative

|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit| |or| |Barbaric| |Imitative||maiorina|
This interesting ancient counterfeit or imitative specimen combines the mintmark of the mint at Ambianum, and the reverse field control letters S-V which are only found on issues of Lugdunum. Also, Ambianum did not use this mintmark with AMB flanked on both sides with a palm. The Bastien MM specimen was found near Lyon. We know of about a half dozen specimens of this imitative, all from the same dies.
RL98410. Bronze maiorina, Bastien MM pl. XVII, 32 (same dies); RIC VIII -; LRBC II -; Cohen VIII -; SRCV V -, gVF, good centering, very sharp detail, areas of porosity, ragged edge, A's appearing as H (as normal on official issues of the era), weight 3.158 g, maximum diameter 21.6 mm, die axis 180o, barbarous imitation of Ambianum (Amiens) mint, c. 351 - 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS NOB CAES, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIAE DD NN AVG E CAE (victories of our lords, Emperor and Caesar), two Victory's standing facing each other, between them holding a shield resting on a short column, shield inscribed VOT / V / MVLT / + in four lines, S - V flanking column, palm AMB palm in exergue; very rare; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||reduced| |double| |maiorina|
"I am the alpha and the omega" is an appellation of Jesus in the Book of Revelation (verses 1:8, 21:6, and 22:13). Alpha (A) and omega (Ω) are respectively the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. This would be similar to referring to someone in English as the "A and Z." Thus, twice when the title appears it is further clarified with the additional title "the beginning and the end" (Revelation 21:6, 22:13). The first and last letters of the Greek alphabet were used because the Book of Revelation was originally written in Greek.
RL72448. Bronze reduced double maiorina, cf. RIC VIII Arles 202 (S), Bastien MM 300, SRCV V 18867, Cohen VIII 10, LRBC II -, VF, uneven strike, light scrapes, light corrosion, weight 6.400 g, maximum diameter 25.8 mm, die axis 225o, Arelatum (Arles, France) mint, 350 - 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS CAESAR, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS DD NN AVG ET CAES (the salvation of our noble emperor and caesar), large Christogram (Chi-Rho Christ monogram), flanked by A - W (meaning Christ is the alpha and omega), [...]AR(?) in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||reduced| |double| |maiorina|
Magnentius, usurper of the western provinces, made his brother Decentius caesar, to oversee the defense of Gaul and the Rhine frontier. After Magnentius was defeated at the Battle of Mons Seleucus by Constantius II and committed suicide, Decentius, who was leading reinforcements, hanged himself at Senonae.
SH70781. Bronze reduced double maiorina, cf. RIC VIII Lyons 157 (PPLG) or 159 (PPLG•), VF, mintmark mostly off flan, weight 6.928 g, maximum diameter 23.3 mm, die axis 180o, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, 350 - 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS NOB CAES, bare-headed, cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS DD NN AVG ET CAES (the salvation of our noble emperor and caesar), large Chi-Rho Christogram, Alpha - Omega flanking at sides, PPLG[•?] in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||reduced| |double| |maiorina|
"I am the alpha and the omega" is an appellation of Jesus in the Book of Revelation (verses 1:8, 21:6, and 22:13). Alpha (A) and omega (Ω) are respectively the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. This would be similar to referring to someone in English as the "A and Z." Thus, twice when the title appears it is further clarified with the additional title "the beginning and the end" (Revelation 21:6, 22:13). The first and last letters of the Greek alphabet were used because the Book of Revelation was originally written in Greek.
SH62609. Bronze reduced double maiorina, RIC VIII Lyons 157 (S), Bastien MM 209, LRBC II 243, SRCV V 18861, Cohen VIII 12, VF, weight 6.146 g, maximum diameter 25.4 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, 350 - 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS NOB CAES (or similar), draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS DD NN AVG ET CAES (the salvation of our noble emperor and caesar), large Chi-Rho, A and W at sides, PPLG in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||maiorina|
In a religious context, votum, plural vota, is a vow or promise made to a deity. The word comes from the past participle of voveo, vovere; as the result of the verbal action "vow, promise", it may refer also to the fulfillment of this vow, that is, the thing promised. The votum is thus an aspect of the contractual nature of Roman religion, a bargaining expressed by do ut des, "I give that you might give."
SH19025. Billon maiorina, RIC VIII Lyons 127, LRBC II 222, Bastien MM 175, SRCV V 18882, Cohen VIII 33, gVF, weight 4.149 g, maximum diameter 21.7 mm, die axis 180o, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, 19 Jan 350 - 18 Aug 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS NOB CAES, bare headed cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE (victories of our lords, Emperor and Caesar), two Victories standing confronted, together holding between them a shield inscribed VOT X MVLT X, SV below, RSLG in exergue; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||reduced| |double| |maiorina|
"I am the alpha and the omega" is an appellation of Jesus in the Book of Revelation (verses 1:8, 21:6, and 22:13). Alpha (A) and omega (Ω) are respectively the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. This would be similar to referring to someone in English as the "A and Z." Thus, twice when the title appears it is further clarified with the additional title "the beginning and the end" (Revelation 21:6, 22:13). The first and last letters of the Greek alphabet were used because the Book of Revelation was originally written in Greek.
RL01813. Billon reduced double maiorina, RIC VIII Arles 202 (S), Bastien MM 300, SRCV V 18867, Cohen VIII 10, LRBC II -, VF, weight 4.17 g, maximum diameter 24.4 mm, die axis 180o, 3rd officina, Arelatum (Arles, France) mint, 350 - 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS CAESAR, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS DD NN AVG ET CAES (the salvation of our noble emperor and caesar), large Chi-Rho, A and O at sides, LTAR in exergue; nice patina and centering, some legend and drapery not fully struck; scarce; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||maiorina|
Magnentius, usurper of the western provinces, made his brother Decentius caesar, to oversee the defense of Gaul and the Rhine frontier. After Magnentius was defeated at the Battle of Mons Seleucus by Constantius II and committed suicide, Decentius, who was leading reinforcements, hanged himself at Senonae.
SH19798. Billon maiorina, RIC VIII Rome 223 (R2), SRCV V 18873, Cohen VIII 22, LRBC II -, VF, weight 4.289 g, maximum diameter 21.0 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, spring 351 - 26 Sept 352 A.D.; obverse MAG DECENTIVS NOB CAES, bare headed cuirassed bust right, Γ behind; reverse VICT DD NN AVG ET CAES, Victories standing confronted, holding shield inscribed VOT / V / MVLT / X, Christogram (Chi-Rho monogram of Christ) above, R*B in exergue; rare; SOLD


Germanic Tribes, Pseudo-Imperial Coinage, Mid 4th - Early 5th Century A.D.

|Germanic| |Tribes|, |Germanic| |Tribes,| |Pseudo-Imperial| |Coinage,| |Mid| |4th| |-| |Early| |5th| |Century| |A.D.||maiorina|
Magnentius, usurper of the western provinces, made his brother Decentius caesar, to oversee the defense of Gaul and the Rhine frontier. After Magnentius was defeated at the Battle of Mons Seleucus by Constantius II and committed suicide, Decentius, who was leading reinforcements, hanged himself at Senonae.
RB91842. Bronze maiorina, for prototype cf. RIC VIII Lyons 122 (Roman, Decentius, caesar, usurper in Gaul, 351 - 353 A.D., Lugdunum mint), Choice gVF, slightly crude, tight flan, encrustations, weight 3.504 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 180o, tribal mint, 350 - early 5th century A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS NOB CAE (or similar, blundered), bare-headed and cuirassed bust of Decentius right; reverse VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET C (or similar, blundered), two Victories standing confronted, together holding between them a wreath resting on a short column, IOT / HVL / X (blundered VOT V MVLT X) in three lines, SLG in exergue; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||maiorina|
In a religious context, votum, plural vota, is a vow or promise made to a deity. The word comes from the past participle of voveo, vovere; as the result of the verbal action "vow, promise", it may refer also to the fulfillment of this vow, that is, the thing promised. The votum is thus an aspect of the contractual nature of Roman religion, a bargaining expressed by do ut des, "I give that you might give."
RL82952. Billon maiorina, RIC VIII Arles 180, LRBC II 438, SRCV V 18884, Cohen VIII -, EF, weight 3.898 g, maximum diameter 22.5 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Arelatum (Arles, France) mint, spring 351 - 18 Aug 353 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS CAESAR, bare-headed, cuirassed bust right, A behind; reverse VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE (victories of our lords, Emperor and Caesar), two Victories standing confronted, together holding between them a shield inscribed VOT X MVLT X, E over IS below, SAR in exergue; SOLD


|Decentius|, |Decentius,| |Caesar,| |July| |or| |August| |350| |-| |18| |August| |353| |A.D.||maiorina|
Bastien recorded only a single specimen, RIC VIII notes another in the British Museum. We know of a few more examples.
RL84202. Billon maiorina, RIC VIII Trier 316 (R), Bastien MM 71, LRBC II 61, SRCV V 18887, Cohen VIII 37, Hunter V -, VF, nice portrait, nice green patina with some small chips, tight flan, uneven strike with upper reverse a little weak, light marks, earthen deposits, weight 3.378 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, die axis 180o, 2nd officina, Treveri (Trier, Germany) mint, Jan 351 - Aug 352 A.D.; obverse D N DECENTIVS FORT CAES, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from front, A behind; reverse VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAES (victories of our lords, Emperor and Caesar), two Victories standing confronted, together holding between them a wreath inscribed VOT X MVLT X in four lines within, Christogram (Chi-Rho monogram of Christ) above, TRS in exergue; very rare; SOLD




  




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OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

DECENTIVSFORCAES
DNDECENTIVSCAESAR
DNDECENTIVSFORTCAES
DNDECENTIVSNOBCAES
DNMAGDECENTIVSNOBCAES


REFERENCES|

Bastien, P. Le Monnayage de Magnence (350-353). (Wetteren, 1983).
Carson, R., P. Hill & J. Kent. Late Roman Bronze Coinage. (London, 1960).
Carson, R., H. Sutherland & J. Kent. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol VIII, The Family of Constantine I, A.D. 337 - 364. (London, 1981).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 8: Carausius to Constantine & sons. (Paris, 1888).
Depeyrot, G. Les monnaies d'or de Constantin II à Zenon (337-491). Moneta 5. (Wetteren, 1996).
Failmezger, V. Roman Bronze Coins From Paganism to Christianity, 294 - 364 A.D. (Washington D.C., 2002).
King, C. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Volume V, Carausius to Romulus Augustus. (London, 1987).
Paolucci, R. & A. Zub. La monetazione di Aquileia Romana. (Padova, 2000).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. V. Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno. (Oxford, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. V: The Christian Empire: The Later Constantinian Dynasty...Constantine II to Zeno, AD 337 - 491. (London, 2014).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).
Voetter, O. Die Münzen der romischen Kaiser, Kaiserinnen und Caesaren von Diocletianus bis Romulus: Katalog der Sammlung Paul Gerin. (Vienna, 1921).

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