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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Twelve Caesars| ▸ |Agrippina Jr.||View Options:  |  |  |   

Agrippina Junior, Wife of Claudius, Augusta 50 - March 59 A.D.

Agrippina Jr., daughter of Agrippina Sr. and Germanicus, sister of Caligula, and mother of Nero, was born in 16 A.D. Despite an incestuous relationship, she was exiled by her brother Caligula. She seduced her uncle Claudius and married him soon after. After she ensured her son Nero would succeed him as emperor, she murdered Claudius by feeding him poisoned mushrooms. A soothsayer once prophesied that if Nero became emperor, he would kill his mother, Agrippina replied "Let him kill me, only let him rule!" In March of 59 A.D., Nero arranged for her to board a vessel that was rigged to collapse and capsize. She survived the wreck, swam to shore, and made it to one of her villas, but was executed on Nero's orders.

Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Ephesos, Ionia

|Claudius|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |Ephesos,| |Ionia||cistophorus|
This issue celebrated their marriage and Agrippina Junior's elevation to Augusta. Julia Agrippina was a great-granddaughter of Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of Tiberius, sister of Caligula, niece and fourth wife of Claudius, and mother of the Nero. She is described by the ancient sources as ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering, but also beautiful and reputable. According to Pliny the Elder, she had a double right upper canine, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accused Agrippina of poisoning Claudius. A soothsayer prophesied if Nero became emperor, he would kill his mother, Agrippina replied "Let him kill me, only let him rule!" Nero had her executed in 59 A.D.
SH79841. Silver cistophorus, RPC I 2223, RIC I 117 (R), BMCRE I 234, BnF II 294, RSC II 2, SRCV I 1887, VF, excellent portraits, toned, nice surfaces, highest points flatly struck, reverse slightly off-center, weight 11.054 g, maximum diameter 25.1 mm, die axis 180o, Ephesus mint, 50 - 51 A.D.; obverse TI CLAVD CAESAR AVG P M TR P X IMP XIIX (counterclockwise), laureate head of Claudius right; reverse AGRIPPINA AVGVSTA CAESARIS AVG (counterclockwise), draped bust of Agrippina Jr. right, hair in queue at back, hair in three rows of curls above ear and long curly strand below ear; rare; SOLD


Claudius and Agrippina Junior, 50 - 54 A.D.

|Claudius|, |Claudius| |and| |Agrippina| |Junior,| |50| |-| |54| |A.D.||denarius|
Julia Agrippina was a great-granddaughter of Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of Tiberius, sister of Caligula, niece and fourth wife of Claudius, and mother of the Nero. She is described by the ancient sources as ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering, but also beautiful and reputable. According to Pliny the Elder, she had a double right upper canine, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accused Agrippina of poisoning Claudius. A soothsayer prophesied if Nero became emperor, he would kill his mother, Agrippina replied "Let him kill me, only let him rule!" Nero had her executed in 59 A.D.
RS72978. Silver denarius, RIC I 81 (R), BMCRE I 75, RSC II Agrippina II and Claudius 4, BnF II 82, Hunter I 36, SRCV I 1886, F, nice portraits, toned, well centered on crowded flan, weight 3.329 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 135o, Rome mint, c. 50 - 54 A.D.; obverse TI CLAVD CAESAR AVG GERM P M TRIB POT P P, laureate head of Claudius right; reverse AGRIPPINAE AVGVSTAE, draped bust of Agrippina II right, she wears a wreath of grain from which one long tie hangs down at the back, her hair is fastened in a long plait looped up behind her neck, two locks fall loose down her neck; from the Jyrki Muona Collection; rare; SOLD


Nero and Agrippina the Younger, 54 - 59 A.D., Orthosia, Caria

|Other| |Caria|, |Nero| |and| |Agrippina| |the| |Younger,| |54| |-| |59| |A.D.,| |Orthosia,| |Caria||AE| |20|
The Dioscuri, the twins Castor and Pollux, most frequently appear on coins of the Roman Republic as horsemen galloping, with couched lances, and stars above their caps. Their mother was Leda, the queen of Sparta. Castor was the mortal son of Tyndareus, her husband, the king of Sparta. Pollux was the divine son of Zeus, who seduced Leda in the guise of a swan. When Castor was killed, Pollux asked Zeus to let him share his own immortality with his twin to keep them together, and they were transformed into the constellation Gemini. The pair were regarded as the patrons of sailors, to whom they appeared as St. Elmo's fire, and were also associated with horsemanship. In Rome, their festival was celebrated on the 28th of January.
RP96117. Bronze AE 20, RPC Online I 2826A (5 spec., this coin is spec. 4, added post publication), gF, green patina with earthen highlighting, weight 4.514 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0o, Orthosia (Donduran, Aydin, Turkey) mint, 54 - 59 A.D.; obverse NEPΩN CEBACTOC (counterclockwise from lower right), jugate draped busts of Nero and Agrippina II; reverse OPΘWCIEWN, Dioscuri, Castor and Pollux, standing facing, between their horses, Harpogos and Gilaros; from the Kreuzer Collection; ex Naumann auction 56 (6 Aug 2017), lot 327; extremely rare; SOLD


Agrippina Junior, Augusta 50 - March 59 A.D., Hierocaesaraea, Lydia

|Other| |Lydia|, |Agrippina| |Junior,| |Augusta| |50| |-| |March| |59| |A.D.,| |Hierocaesaraea,| |Lydia||AE| |19|
Hierocaesarea (from the Greek for "sacred" and the Latin for "Caesar's") was located seven or eight miles southeast of Thyatira, on the left bank of the Koum-Chai, a tributary of the Hermus (between the modern Turkish villages of Beyova and Sasova). The town is mentioned by Ptolemy (VI, ii, 16). Judging from its coins, it worshiped the goddess Artemis Persica.
RP76969. Bronze AE 19, RPC I 2387; BMC Lydia p. 106, 22; SNG Cop -; SNGvA -, SNG Munchen -, SNG Tüb -, gVF, attractive portrait, nice green patina, weight 5.928 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 0o, Hierocaesarea (near Sazoba, Turkey) mint, c. 50 - March 59 A.D.; obverse AΓPIΠΠINA ΣEBAΣTH, draped bust right, hair in long plait down back of neck and looped at end, long loosely curled lock down side of neck; reverse AΓPIΠΠINA ΘEAN CEBACTHN, Artemis Persica standing facing, wearing long chiton, with right hand drawing arrow from quiver on right shoulder, left hand on hip, stag at her side on left; ex Pecunem, Gitbud & Naumann auction 34 (2 Aug 2015), lot 664; very rare; SOLD


Nero and Agrippina Junior, 54 - 59 A.D., Orthosia, Caria

|Other| |Caria|, |Nero| |and| |Agrippina| |Junior,| |54| |-| |59| |A.D.,| |Orthosia,| |Caria||AE| |18|
The reverse alludes to the imperial family. Agrippina was the niece of Claudius, just as Persephone was the niece of Hades.
RY86714. Leaded bronze AE 18, RPC I 2825 (3 specimens, plate coin has NEPWN behind the busts); Imhoof-Blumer MG p. 313, 75, aVF, struck with high relief dies in the style of the "Laodicea" engraver, green patina, tight flan, bumps and marks, light corrosion/porosity, weight 5.214 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 0o, Orthosia (Donduran, Aydin, Turkey) mint, 54 - 59 A.D.; obverse ΣEBAΣT NEPΩN, bare headed, draped jugate busts of Nero Augustus and Agrippina Junior right; reverse OPΘOΣIWN, Hades carrying off Persephone in a quadriga right; none on Coin Archives; extremely rare; SOLD


Nero and Agrippina Junior, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Caesarea Maritima, Samaria, Judaea

|Judaea| |&| |Palestine|, |Nero| |and| |Agrippina| |Junior,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.,| |Caesarea| |Maritima,| |Samaria,| |Judaea||AE| |24|
Caesarea, about 30 miles north of Joppa and about 70 miles northwest of Jerusalem, was founded by Herod the Great and named for Caesar Augustus. It was the seat of the Roman procurators and the Roman military headquarters in Judaea. The Pilate Stone, discovered here in 1961, is only archaeological find that names Pontius Pilate, by whose order Jesus was crucified. After the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D., Caesarea was the provincial capital of the Judaea Province. Well into Byzantine times, Caesarea remained the capital. In the 630s, Arab Muslim armies took the region, but kept Caesarea as its administrative center until early 8th century. Caesarea's ruins are a national park on the Mediterranean coast of Israel, about halfway between Tel Aviv and Haifa.
RP79842. Bronze AE 24, RPC I 4860, Meshorer TJC 359, Hendin 6301, Rosenberger III 1 - 2 (Sebaste), Sofaer -, Kadman Caesarea -, aF, rough, weight 10.978 g, maximum diameter 24.2 mm, die axis 0o, Caesarea Maritima (Keisaria, Israel) mint, c. 55 A.D.; obverse NEPWNOC KΛAYΔIOY ΓEPMANIKOY KAICAPOC CE, laureate and draped bust of Nero right; reverse AΓPIΠΠEINHC CEBACTHC, Agrippina Junior seated left on low seat with ornamented legs, extending branch in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, crescent above; SOLD


Agrippina Junior, Augusta 50 - March 59 A.D., Aezanis, Phrygia

|Aizanis|, |Agrippina| |Junior,| |Augusta| |50| |-| |March| |59| |A.D.,| |Aezanis,| |Phrygia||AE| |17|
The frequent association of Agrippina Junior with Persephone may relate to the unusual marriage of Agrippina to her Uncle Claudius, as Persephone had married her uncle Hades. Some coins of her mother Agrippina Senior show Demeter, who was the mother of Persephone.
RP97771. Bronze AE 17, RPC Online I 3103 (8 spec.); BMC Phrygia p. 35, 93; SNG Cop -; SNGvA -, aVF, green patina with highlighting earthen deposits, scratches, porosity, slightly off center, patina flaking, weight 3.368 g, maximum diameter 16.7 mm, die axis 0o, Aezanis (Cavdarhisar, Turkey) mint, 50 - March 59 A.D.; obverse AΓPIΠΠINA ΣEBAΣTHN (clockwise from upper right), diademed bust of Agrippina II right; reverse AIZA-NITΩN (clockwise from upper right), veiled bust of Persephone right, poppy and two grain ears before her; the first specimen of this type handled by FORVM, only two sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; rare; SOLD


Agrippina Junior, Augusta 50 - March 59 A.D., Aezanis, Phrygia

|Aizanis|, |Agrippina| |Junior,| |Augusta| |50| |-| |March| |59| |A.D.,| |Aezanis,| |Phrygia||AE| |17|
The frequent association of Agrippina Junior with Persephone may relate to the unusual marriage of Agrippina to her Uncle Claudius, as Persephone had married her uncle Hades. Some coins of her mother Agrippina Senior show Demeter, who was the mother of Persephone.
RP111801. Brass AE 17, RPC Online I 3102; BMC Phrygia 91; SNG Cop 91; Waddington 5555, Weber 7003, VF, brown toned surfaces with brassy high points, obv. off center, encrustations, mild porosity, tiny edge split, weight 2.545 g, maximum diameter 16.7 mm, die axis 0o, Aezanis (Cavdarhisar, Turkey) mint, 50 - March 59 A.D.; obverse AΓPIΠΠINA ΣEBAΣTHN (clockwise from upper right), diademed bust of Agrippina II right; reverse AIZA-NITON (clockwise from upper right), veiled bust of Persephone right, two grain ears before her; SOLD


Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., with Agrippina Junior

|Claudius|, |Claudius,| |25| |January| |41| |-| |13| |October| |54| |A.D.,| |with| |Agrippina| |Junior||AE| |18|
The image on the reverse resembles sculptures of Artemis, the Lady of Ephesus, including one at the Ephesus Archaeological Museum and another at the Vatican. The Ionians worshiped Artemis as a mother goddess, akin to the Phrygian Cybele. Her cult image was adorned with multiple rounded breast like protuberances on her chest. They have been variously interpreted as accessory breasts, eggs, grapes, acorns, or even bull testes. Excavation at the site of the Artemision in 1987/8 found a multitude of tear-shaped amber beads that once adorned the ancient wooden xoanon.Artemis
RP27251. Bronze AE 18, RPC I 2621 (9 spec.); Weber 5871; BMC Ionia p. 73, 206; SNG Cop 369 corr. (Tiberius and Livia), aVF/F, nice green patina, light marks, tiny edge splits, weight 5.872 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 180o, Ephesos (near Selcuk, Turkey) mint, c. 49 - 50 A.D.; obverse jugate head of Claudius and draped bust of Agrippina right; reverse facing cultus-statue of Ephesian Artemis, with arm supports, ΕΦΕ-CIA high across field divided by head; rare; SOLD


Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt, with Agrippina Junior

|Roman| |Egypt|, |Nero,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.,| |Roman| |Provincial| |Egypt,| |with| |Agrippina| |Junior||tetradrachm|
Agrippina the Younger functioned as a behind-the-scenes advisor in the affairs of the Roman state. She maneuvered her son Nero into the line of succession. Claudius became aware of her plotting, but died in 54; it was rumored that Agrippina poisoned him. Agrippina exerted a commanding influence in the early years of Emperor Nero's reign, but in 59 she was killed. Both ancient and modern sources describe Agrippina's personality as ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering. Physically she was a beautiful and reputable woman; according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune.
RX110122. Billon tetradrachm, RPC Online I 5221 (5 spec.); Geissen 128; Dattari 187; BMC Alexandria p. 15, 117; Milne 155; Curtis 35; Kampmann 14.13, Emmett 107/4 (R1), aVF, toned, oval flan, small edge splits, weight 13.120 g, maximum diameter 27.5 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, 29 Aug 57 - 28 Aug 58 A.D.; obverse NEPΩ KΛAY KAIΣ ΣEBA ΓEP AYTO, laureate head right; reverse AΓPIΠΠINA ΣEBAΣTH, draped bust of Agrippina right, her hair in a queue behind, one curly lock falls loose on the side of her neck LΔ (year 4) lower right; SOLD




  




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OBVERSE LEGENDS

AGRIPPAVGDIVICLAVDNERONISCAESMATER
AGRIPPINAAVGGERMANICIFCAESARISAVG
AGRIPPINAAVGVSTACAESARISAVG
AGRIPPINAEAVGVSTAE
NEROCLAVDDIVICLAVDFCAESARAVGGERMANI
NEROCLAVDDIVIFCAESAVGGERMIMPTRPCOS
TICLAVDCAESAVGAGRIPPAVGVSTA
TICLAVDCAESARAVGGERMPMTRIBPOTPP


REFERENCES

American Numismatic Society (ANS) Collections Database Online - http://numismatics.org/search/search
Banti, A. & L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
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Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, Vol. One: From the Republic to Pertinax, 196 BC - 193 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Calicó, E. Xavier. The Roman Avrei, Vol. I: From the Republic to Pertinax, 196 BC - 193 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 1: Pompey to Domitian. (Paris, 1880).
Giard, J.-B. Le monnayage de l'atelier de Lyon, De Claude Ier à Vespasien (41-78 après J.-C.), et au temps de Clodius Albinus (196-197 après J.-C.). (Wetteren, 2000).
Giard, J-B. Bibliothèque National Catalogue Monnaies de L'Empire Romain II: De Tebère à Néron. (Paris, 1988).
King, C. Roman Quinarii from the Republic to Diocletian and the Tetrarchy. (Oxford, 2007).
Mac Dowall, D.W. The Western Coinages of Nero. ANSNNM 161. (New York, 1979).
Mattingly, H. & R. Carson. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum, Vol 1: Augustus to Vitellius. (London, 1923).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. I. Augustus to Nerva. (Oxford, 1962).
Seaby, H. & R. Loosley. Roman Silver Coins, Vol. II: Tiberius to Commodus. (London, 1979).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, The Millennium Edition, Volume One, The Republic and the Twelve Caesars 280 BC - AD 86. (London, 2000).
Sutherland, C. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. I, From 39 BC to AD 69. (London, 1984).
Toynbee, J. Roman medallions. ANSNS 5. (New York, 1944).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).
von Kaenel, H.-M. "Britannicus, Agrippina Minor und Nero in Thrakien" in SNR 63 (1984).

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