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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Thrace & Moesia| ▸ |Thracian Tribes||View Options:  |  |  |   

Thracian Tribes

Divided into numerous tribes, the Thracians did not recognize themselves as a single group. Thrace and Thracians were names given them by the Greeks. The Thracians did not form a lasting political organization until the Odrysian state was founded in the 5th century B.C. The 4th century was a time of strife and Macedonian encroachment. The coins of the Thracian rulers, which were struck in the Greek cities of the kingdom, are so scarce that they may have been struck more symbolic of regal authority than to meet the needs of trade.

Thracians, Odrysian Kingdom, Kotys I 384 - 359 B.C.

|Kingdom| |of| |Thrace|, |Thracians,| |Odrysian| |Kingdom,| |Kotys| |I
384| |-| |359| |B.C.||diobol|
Soon after he became king, Kotys allied with Athens and married his daughter to the Athenian general Iphicrates, who became his second in command. With the help of Iphicrates, Kotys expanded his kingdom, but his success led to increasing tensions with Athens. The Second Athenian Confederacy was founded as a safeguard against Kotys. In 365 B.C., Kotys went to war with the Athenians for the Thracian Chersonese. Around this time, Kotys' treasurer Miltokythes rebelled. Iphicrates and Kotys' mercenary commander Charidemus bribed the Athenian commanders to help suppress the rebellion. In 361 B.C., Charidemus returned to Athens with a treaty from Kotys, proclaiming him an ally. By 360 B.C., Kotys controlled the whole Chersonese peninsula. Late Sep. 360 B.C., Kotys was murdered by two of Plato’s students, Python and Heraclides. Advisers to the King, they murdered him under the pretext that he had wronged their father. In Athens, they were proclaimed honorary citizens and rewarded with gold wreaths.

Kypsela, Thrace, was located in the region between the river Nestos to the river Hebros.
GS86792. Silver diobol, Winzer 31.3; SNG Ashmolean 3719; Topalov 96; Peter p. 114 var. (KO/T-Y and no ivy leaf), gVF, toned, light marks, slightly grainy/porous, weight .0793 g, maximum diameter 11.3 mm, die axis 0o, Kypsela mint, 384 - 359 B.C.; obverse bare head left, with beard and moustache; reverse two-handled vessel (Odrysian dynastic symbol?), KO above, ivy leaf right; very rare; SOLD


Thracians, Odrysian Kingdom, Kersebleptes, 359 - 340 B.C.

|Kingdoms| |of| |Thrace|, |Thracians,| |Odrysian| |Kingdom,| |Kersebleptes,| |359| |-| |340| |B.C.||AE| |12|
The Odrysian Kingdom was a state union of Thracian tribes that endured between the 5th and 3rd centuries BC. It consisted mainly of present-day Bulgaria, spreading to parts of Northern Dobruja, parts of Northern Greece and parts of modern-day European Turkey. King Seuthes III later moved the capital to Seuthopolis.|Odrysian| |Kingdom|
SH14398. Bronze AE 12, Topalov Thrace 26.1, SNG Cop -, BMC Thrace -, SNGvA, SGCV I -, SNG Turkey -, gF, weight 1.79 g, maximum diameter 12.2 mm, die axis 135o, Thrace mint, 359 - 340 B.C.; obverse head of Demeter left; reverse KEP around a cup with two handles, grain below; rare; SOLD


Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace, Teres III, 356 - 342 B.C.

|Kingdoms| |of| |Thrace|, |Odrysian| |Kingdom| |of| |Thrace,| |Teres| |III,| |356| |-| |342| |B.C.||AE| |20|
Divided into numerous tribes, the Thracians did not recognize themselves as a single group. Thrace and Thracians were names given them by the Greeks. The Thracians did not form a lasting political organization until the Odrysian state was founded in the 5th century B.C. The 4th century was a time of strife and Macedonian encroachment. The coins of the Thracian rulers, which were struck in the Greek cities of the kingdom, are so scarce that they may have been struck more symbolic of regal authority than to meet the needs of trade.
GB65967. Bronze AE 20, Topalov Thrace 107, Youroukova 59 (Teres II, caduceus not described or visible in plate), SNG Cop -, SNG BM -, SNG Stancomb -, VF, unusually thick flan (but usual for the type), weight 12.355 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0o, Maronaea mint, 356 - 342 B.C.; obverse bipennis, TΗPΕΩ around, the T formed by the axe shaft, dot border; reverse Five bunches of grape on vine inside linear square, caduceus left, all within a shallow square incuse; rare; SOLD


Kings of Thrace, Kotys and Rhaescuporis I, c. Late Summer of 42 B.C., Struck by Brutus(?)

|Kingdoms| |of| |Thrace|, |Kings| |of| |Thrace,| |Kotys| |and| |Rhaescuporis| |I,| |c.| |Late| |Summer| |of| |42| |B.C.,| |Struck| |by| |Brutus(?)||AE| |16|
In late summer of 42 B.C., Brutus struck aureus and denarius types (Crawford 505/4 and Crawford 505/5) with trophy reverses very similar to the reverse of this coin. This type, struck in the names of King Kotys and King Rhaescuporis of Thrace, may have actually been struck by Brutus too. Perhaps it was used for small change in the camps of Thracian mercenaries. Brutus was defeated at Philippi in October.
RP110441. Bronze AE 16, RPC Online I 1703, (description corr. post publication) Youroukova 157, BMC Thrace -, SNG Cop -, VF, dark green patina, a little rough, minor adjustment marks on rev., die wear, tiny edge splits, weight 4.000 g, maximum diameter 16.6 mm, die axis 0o, Thrace, uncertain mint, c. late summer 42 B.C.; obverse BAΣIΛEYΣ KOTYΣ, diademed and draped bust of Kotys to right; reverse BAΣIΛEYΣ PAIΣKOYΠOPIΔOΣ, trophy composed of captured arms, with spears and a Gallic shield ; ex Nomos Obolos 21 (2 Jan 2022), lot 140; SOLD


Thracians, Odrysian Kingdom, Seuthes III, c. 330 - 295 B.C.

|Kingdoms| |of| |Thrace|, |Thracians,| |Odrysian| |Kingdom,| |Seuthes| |III,| |c.| |330| |-| |295| |B.C.||AE| |21|
Seuthopolis, in the Tundza River valley, near the modern town of Kazanluk, was almost completely excavated in 1948 - 1954 prior to the building of a dam, which then flooded the settlement remains. In 2005, Bulgarian architect Zheko Tilev proposed a project to uncover, preserve and reconstruct the city of Seuthopolis (the best preserved Thracian city in Bulgaria) by means of a dam wall surrounding the ruins in the middle of the dam, enabling the site's designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and making it a tourist destination of world importance. Tourists would be transported to the site by boats. The round wall, 420 metres in diameter, would enable visitors to see the city from 20 metres above and would also feature "hanging gardens", glass lifts, a quay, restaurants, cafés, shops, ateliers, etc. It would be illuminated at night.  See https://www.eikongraphia.com/?p=2626.
GB39288. Bronze AE 21, Youroukova p. 76 & pl. XI, 68; Peter p. 184, 7; SNG Cop 1072; SNG BM 317; SNG Stancomb 293, VF/gF, weight 6.810 g, maximum diameter 21.2 mm, die axis 315o, Seuthopolis (near Kazanlak, Bulgaria) mint, c. 323 - 316 B.C.; obverse laureate, bearded head of Seuthus III right; reverse ΣEYΘOY, horseman cantering right, wreath below; SOLD


Thracians, Odrysian Kingdom, Seuthes III, c. 330 - 295 B.C.

|Kingdoms| |of| |Thrace|, |Thracians,| |Odrysian| |Kingdom,| |Seuthes| |III,| |c.| |330| |-| |295| |B.C.||AE| |24|
Youroukova notes, "In front of the horse traces of restriking - wreath." Our coin is from different dies, also overstruck, and also has the wreath. The wreath detail is sharp and it is double struck matching the rest of the reverse. Topalov does not mention the wreath but it is present on his plate image. A few examples online also have the wreath. The wreath is clearly from the Seuthes die.

Seuthes was the high priest of the Cabeiri, and the king of the Odrysian Thracians. He revolted against Macedonia about 325 B.C., after Alexander's governor Zopyrion was killed in battle against the Getae. Seuthes was apparently subdued by Antipater, but after Alexander died in 323 B.C. he again took up arms in opposition to the new governor Lysimachus. They fought to a draw and both withdrew, but ultimately Seuthes acknowledged Lysimachus' authority. In 320 B.C., Seuthes III moved the Odrysian kingdom to central Thrace and built his capital city at Seuthopolis. In 313 B.C. he supported Antigonus I against Lysimachus, occupying the passes of Mount Haemus, but was again defeated and forced to submit to Lysimachus. After Lysimachus died in 281 B.C., Thrace came under the suzerainty of Ptolemy Keraunos.
Seuthes III
GB90512. Bronze AE 24, Youroukova p. 79 & pl. XI, 87; Topalov 116 corr. (wreath); cf. Peter p. 182, 4 (no wreath); SNG Stancomb 294 (same); SNG Cop 1073 (same); SNG BM -, EF, overstruck on a Philip II of Macedonia bronze, double struck, nice green patina, weight 2.662 g, maximum diameter 23.6 mm, die axis 45o, Seuthopolis (near Kazanlak, Bulgaria) mint, c. 323 - 316 B.C.; obverse laureate, bearded head of Seuthus III right; undertype: head of Apollo right (eye and nose on Seuthus' forehead); reverse ΣEYΘOY, horseman cantering right, left foreleg raised, eight pointed star (control) below horse's belly, wreath (control) on right before horse; undertype: a horseman right (similar to overtype!); scarce; SOLD


Thracians, Odrysian Kingdom, Seuthes III, c. 330 - 295 B.C.

|Kingdom| |of| |Thrace|, |Thracians,| |Odrysian| |Kingdom,| |Seuthes| |III,| |c.| |330| |-| |295| |B.C.||AE| |18|
Seuthes was the high priest of the Cabeiri, and the king of the Odrysian Thracians. He revolted against Macedonia about 325 B.C., after Alexander's governor Zopyrion was killed in battle against the Getae. Seuthes was apparently subdued by Antipater, but after Alexander died in 323 B.C. he again took up arms in opposition to the new governor Lysimachus. They fought to a draw and both withdrew, but ultimately Seuthes acknowledged Lysimachus' authority. In 320 B.C., Seuthes III moved the Odrysian kingdom to central Thrace and built his capital city at Seuthopolis. In 313 B.C. he supported Antigonus I against Lysimachus, occupying the passes of Mount Haemus, but was again defeated and forced to submit to Lysimachus. After Lysimachus died in 281 B.C., Thrace came under the suzerainty of Ptolemy Keraunos.|Head| of |Seuthes| |III|
GB99019. Bronze AE 18, SNG Cop 1073; Youroukova 80; SNG Stancomb 294 (six-pointed); Peter p. 182, 4 (eight-pointed); SNG BM Black Sea 319 var. (wreath vice star), aVF, green patina, light earthen deposits, small cut, porosity, weight 3.734 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 0o, Seuthopolis (near Kazanlak, Bulgaria) mint, c. 323 - 316 B.C.; obverse laureate, bearded head of Seuthus III right; reverse horseman cantering right, left foreleg raised, ΣEYΘOY above, five-pointed star below horse (control); scarce; SOLD


Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace, Kotys IV, c. 171 - 167 B.C.

|Kingdoms| |of| |Thrace|, |Odrysian| |Kingdom| |of| |Thrace,| |Kotys| |IV,| |c.| |171| |-| |167| |B.C.||AE| |14|
Cotys IV was a king of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace from c. 170 - 160 B.C., succeeding his father, Seuthes IV. He married Semestra and had a son, Dyegilos, who married Apama, daughter of Prusias II of Bithynia and wife Apama III. Their son Sothimus married Athenais, daughter of Attalus III, King of Pergamon and wife Berenice, and their son was Cotys I (Sapaean).
GB85630. Bronze AE 14, Peykov C6200, Topalov II 9, SNG Stancomb 299, HGC 3.2 1737 (Kotys II, 57-50/48 B.C., R2), gF, dark near black patina, porous, weight 2.520 g, maximum diameter 13.8 mm, die axis 0o, Odessos or Bizye mint, c. 171 - 167 B.C.; obverse diademed and draped bust right; reverse eagle standing on thunderbolt left, head left, wings closed, BAΣIΛEΩΣ above, KOTYOΣ in exergue; rare; SOLD


Thracian or Germanic Tribes, Pseudo-Imperial Coinage, Mid 4th - Early 5th Century A.D.

|Celtic| |&| |Tribal|, |Thracian| |or| |Germanic| |Tribes,| |Pseudo-Imperial| |Coinage,| |Mid| |4th| |-| |Early| |5th| |Century| |A.D.||AE| |18|
This type was minted by and used as currency by tribes outside the Roman Empire in Thrace. It copied a Roman votive type issued under Constantine the Great. While the obverse is somewhat more similar to the Roman prototype, the reverse inscriptions are made up of only illiterate imitations of letters.
CE67628. Bronze AE 18, Imitative of Crispus types, for prototypes see RIC VII p. 379 ff. (official Roman, Ticinum mint, c. 320 - 325 A.D.), VF, weight 1.754 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 315o, tribal mint, mid 4th - early 5th century A.D.; obverse laureate bust left, illiterate blundered imitation of a legend; reverse blundered VOT X within wreath, illiterate blundered limitation of a legend around; SOLD


Thraco-Macedonian Tribes, c. 510 - 454 B.C.

|Thracian| |Tribes|, |Thraco-Macedonian| |Tribes,| |c.| |510| |-| |454| |B.C.||obol|
GA91170. Silver obol, Weber II 1841; SNG ANS -; SNG Alpha Bank -; SNG Munchen -; Tzamalis -; Raymond -; HGC 3.1 -, VF, toned, weight 0.754 g, maximum diameter 8.1 mm, tribal mint, c. 510 - 454 B.C.; obverse head of goat right; reverse crude incuse square; very rare; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES|

Corpus Nummorum Thracorum - http://www.corpus-nummorum.eu/
Fischer-Bossert, W. "Die Lysimachaeier des Skostokos" in Revue Belge de Numismatique et de Sigillographie CLI. (2005).
Forrer, L. Descriptive Catalogue of the Collection of Greek Coins formed by Sir Hermann Weber, Vol. II: Macedon, Thrace, Thessaly, NW, central & S. Greece. (London, 1924).
Gaebler, H. Die antiken Münzen von Makedonia und Paionia, Die antiken Münzen Nord-Griechenlands Vol. III. (Berlin, 1935).
Grose, S. W. Catalogue of the McClean Collection of Greek Coins, Fizwilliam Museum, Vol. II: The Greek mainland, the Aegean islands, Crete. (Cambridge, 1926).
Lindgren, H. Ancient Greek Bronze Coins: European Mints from the Lindgren Collection. (San Mateo, 1989).
Lindgren, H. Lindgren III: Ancient Greek Bronze Coins from the Lindgren Collection. (Quarryville, 1993).
Lorber, C. "The Goats of 'Aigai'" in pour Denyse.
Mildenberg, L. & S. Hurter, eds. The Dewing Collection of Greek Coins. ACNAC 6. (New York, 1985).
Peter, U. Die Münzen der Thrakischen Dynasten (5-3. Jahrhundert v. Chr.). (Berlin, 1997).
Poole, R.S. ed. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Thrace, etc. (London, 1877).
Sear, D.R. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 1: Europe. (London, 1978).
Svoronos, J. L'hellénisme primitif de la Macédoine, prouvé par la numismatique et l'or du Pangée. (Paris/Athens, 1919).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 2: Macedonia and Thrace. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain, Volume IX, British Museum, Part 1: The Black Sea. (London, 1993).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain, Volume XI, The William Stancomb Collection of Coins of the Black Sea Region. (Oxford, 2000).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, United States, Burton Y. Berry Collection, Part 1: Macedonia to Attica. (New York, 1961).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, United States, The Collection of the American Numismatic Society, Part 7: Macedonia 1 (Cities, Thraco-Macedonian Tribes, Paeonian kings). (New York, 1987).
Topalov, S. Ancient Thrace: Contributions to the Study of the Early Thracian Tribal Coinage and its Relations to the Coinage of the Odrysians and the Odrysian Kingdom During 6th-4th C. B.C. (Sophia, 2003).
Tzamalis, A.P. "Uncertain Thraco-Macedonian Coins" in NK 16-18 (1997-1999).
Youroukova, Y. The Coins of the Ancient Thracians. (Oxford, 1976).

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