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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Roman Provincial| ▸ |Roman Phoenicia||View Options:  |  |  |   

Roman Provincial Coins of Phoenicia
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D., Tyre, Phoenicia

|Trajan|, |Trajan,| |25| |January| |98| |-| |8| |or| |9| |August| |117| |A.D.,| |Tyre,| |Phoenicia||tetradrachm|
SH09037. Silver tetradrachm, Prieur 1478, Choice EF, a touch flat on high points, very nice metal, weight 14.69 g, maximum diameter 27.2 mm, die axis 180o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 103 - 109 A.D.; obverse AVTOKP KAIC NEP - TPAIANOC CEB ΓEPM, laureate head right, eagle below, club in front, palm-branch behind; reverse ΔHMAPX - EΞ YΠAT B (holder of Tribunitian power, consul for the 2nd time), laureate bust of Melqart draped in lion-skin; rare; SOLD


Tyre, Phoenicia, 69 - 68 B.C., Judas' 30 Pieces of Silver

|30| |Pieces| |of| |Silver|, |Tyre,| |Phoenicia,| |69| |-| |68| |B.C.,| |Judas'| |30| |Pieces| |of| |Silver||shekel|
Judas' 30 Pieces of Silver
"Then one of the 12, called Judas Iscariot, went unto the chief priests, and said unto them, 'What will ye give me, and I will deliver him unto you?' And they covenanted with him for 30 pieces of silver." Matthew 26:14-15. Shekels of Tyre were the only currency accepted at the Jerusalem Temple and are the most likely coinage with which Judas was paid for the betrayal of Christ.

The Temple Tax Coin
"..go to the sea and cast a hook, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou has opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them [the temple tax collectors] for me and thee." Since the tax was one half shekel per man the coin would have to be a shekel to pay the tax for both Jesus and Peter. Matthew 17:24-27
SH71896. Silver shekel, Cohen DCA 919/58 (R3), HGC 10 357, Hendin 6650, Rouvier -, BMC Phoenicia -, SNG Cop -, Baramki AUB -, aEF, area of weak strike, weight 14.358 g, maximum diameter 28.5 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 69 - 68 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle standing left, head left, right foot on war galley ram, wings closed, palm frond under right (far) wing, date ΗN (year 58) over club left, ΦΛ monogram right, Aramaic beth between legs; SOLD


Jerusalem or Tyre, 12 - 11 B.C., Judas' 30 Pieces of Silver

|30| |Pieces| |of| |Silver|, |Jerusalem| |or| |Tyre,| |12| |-| |11| |B.C.,| |Judas'| |30| |Pieces| |of| |Silver||shekel|
Judas' 30 Pieces of Silver
"Then one of the 12, called Judas Iscariot, went unto the chief priests, and said unto them, 'What will ye give me, and I will deliver him unto you?' And they covenanted with him for 30 pieces of silver." - Matthew 26:14-15. Shekels of Tyre were the only currency accepted at the Jerusalem Temple and are the most likely coinage with which Judas was paid for the betrayal of Christ.

After the coinage of Tyre was debased under Roman control, some experts believe Herod the Great began to strike "Tyre" shekels in Jerusalem. These coins were of cruder fabric and style, but maintained the silver purity required to pay the temple tax. The Jerusalem shekels have the letters KP or KAP to the right of the eagle and dates range from PH (18/17 B.C.) to PE (69/70 A.D.). The Greek letters KP or KAP are probably an abbreviation for KAICAP, Greek for Caesar.
SH91534. Silver shekel, RPC I 4645; BMC Phoenicia p. 248, 192 var. (beth vice aleph); Baramki 79 var. (same); Rouvier 2088 var. (same); Cohen DCA 920/115; HGC 10 357, VF, dark old collection patina, cleaning scratches, a few spots of mild corrosion, flan crack, weight 13.712 g, maximum diameter 26.1 mm, die axis 0o, Tyre or Jerusalem mint, 12 - 11 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle left, right foot on war galley ram, transverse palm frond on far side, PIE (year 115) over club left, KP (Caesar) over BN (control) right, Phoenician letter aleph (control) between legs; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; SOLD


Tyre, Phoenicia, 39 - 38 B.C., Judas' 30 Pieces of Silver

|30| |Pieces| |of| |Silver|, |Tyre,| |Phoenicia,| |39| |-| |38| |B.C.,| |Judas'| |30| |Pieces| |of| |Silver||shekel|
Judas' 30 Pieces of Silver
"Then one of the 12, called Judas Iscariot, went unto the chief priests, and said unto them, 'What will ye give me, and I will deliver him unto you?' And they covenanted with him for 30 pieces of silver."- Matthew 26:14-15. Shekels of Tyre were the only currency accepted at the Jerusalem Temple and are the most likely coinage with which Judas was paid for the betrayal of Christ.

The Temple Tax Coin
"..go to the sea and cast a hook, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou has opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them [the temple tax collectors] for me and thee." Since the tax was one half shekel per man the coin would have to be a shekel to pay the tax for both Jesus and Peter." - Matthew 17:24-27
SH91531. Silver shekel, RPC I 4627, Cohen DCA 919/88 (R2), Baramki 77, Rouvier 2067, HGC 10 357, BMC Phoenicia -, VF/aEF, old collection toning, nice style, obverse cleaning scratches, small edge split, weight 14.148 g, maximum diameter 29.1 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 39 - 38 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle left, right foot on war galley ram, transverse palm frond on far side, ΠH (year 88) over club left, BN (control) right, Phoenician letter beth (control) between legs; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; rare year; SOLD


Tyre, Phoenicia, 28 - 27 B.C., The Temple Tax Coin

|The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin|, |Tyre,| |Phoenicia,| |28| |-| |27| |B.C.,| |The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin||half| |shekel|
Half Shekel - the currency of the Jerusalem Temple

At the Great Temple in Jerusalem the annual tax levied on Jews was 1/2 shekel per male. The 1/2 shekel and shekel were not always used in everyday commerce, but were the only coins accepted by the temple. Many taxpayers required a currency exchange, so money changers set up in the Temple court. Jesus found this business and their shouting (advertising rates) offensive, so he threw over their tables.
SL99233. Silver half shekel, HGC 10 358, Cohen DCA 921 (date not reported), RPC Online I -, Rouvier -, BMC Phoenicia -, Prieur -,, NGC F, strike 4/5, surface 2/5 (4278765-004), weight 6.72 g, maximum diameter 21.7 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 38 - 37 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle standing left, head left, wings closed, right talon on war galley ram, palm frond transverse right behind, ΠΘ (year 89) over club on left, BN right, Phoenician beth between legs; NGC| Lookup; very rare year; SOLD


Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D., Dora, Phoenicia

|Trajan|, |Trajan,| |25| |January| |98| |-| |8| |or| |9| |August| |117| |A.D.,| |Dora,| |Phoenicia||AE| |24|
Dora, on the coast eight miles north of Caesarea, was a Canaanite city. It fell to the Philistines early in the 12th century B.C. Solomon appointed the son of Abinadab as overseer of Dor (I Kings 4:11). In the Persian period Dor was a Sidonian colony. In Hellenistic times it was a Ptolemaic seaport and royal fortress, once besieged by Antiochus VII, (1 Macc. 15. 11-14). Under the Romans, Dora was a free city. See also Josh 11:2, 17:11; and Judg 1:27.
SH09078. Bronze AE 24, RPC Online III 3916 (11 spec.); BMC Phoenicia p. 117, 33; Meshorer Dora 34, De Saulcy 4, Rouvier 770, Sofaer 30, Rosenberger II 25, aVF, beautiful green patina with attractive natural earthen highlighting, weight 12.41 g, maximum diameter 24.3 mm, die axis 0o, Dora (Tel Dor, Israel) mint, 111 - 112 A.D.; obverse AVT KAIC NEP TPAIANOC CEB ΓEPM ΔAK, laureate bust right, drapery on left shoulder, star under chin; reverse turreted and veiled bust of the city-goddess Tyche right, ΔΩ-P (Dora) divided across field, POE (year 175) below, all within oak wreath; rare; SOLD


Shekel of Tyre, KP Type, 35 - 36 A.D., Temple Tax for Two

|The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin|, |Shekel| |of| |Tyre,| |KP| |Type,| |35| |-| |36| |A.D.,| |Temple| |Tax| |for| |Two
||shekel|
Full Shekel - Tax for Two. At the Great Temple in Jerusalem the annual tax levied was 1/2 shekel per male. The 1/2 shekel and shekel were the only coins accepted by the temple. Some experts believe that after the coinage of Tyre was debased under Roman control, Herod the Great began to strike "Tyre" shekels in Jerusalem. These coins were of cruder fabric and style, but maintained the silver purity required to pay the temple tax. The "Jerusalem" shekels have the letters KP or KAP to the right of the eagle and dates range from PH (18/17 B.C.) to PE (69/70 A.D.). The Greek letters KP or KAP are probably an abbreviation for KAICAP, Greek for Caesar.
JD98849. Silver shekel, RPC I 4665 (8 spec.); BMC Phoenicia p. 249, 205; Rouvier 2108; Cohen DCA 920-161; Prieur 1425 (6 spec.); Baramki AUB -, F, uneven toning, tight flan, weight 13.781 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 30o, Tyre or Jerusalem mint, 35 - 36 A.D.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle left, right foot on war galley ram, palm frond under right wing, date PΞA (year 161) over club left, KP (KAIΣAP? = caesar) over XE monogram (control) right, Phoenician letter beth (control) between legs; from an Israeli collection; SOLD


The Temple Tax Coin, Tyre KP Type Half Shekel, Jerusalem or Tyre Mint, 42 - 43 A.D.

|The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin|, |The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin,| |Tyre| |KP| |Type| |Half| |Shekel,| |Jerusalem| |or| |Tyre| |Mint,| |42| |-| |43| |A.D.||half| |shekel|
Half Shekel - the currency of the Jerusalem Temple
After the coinage of Tyre was debased under Roman control, some experts believe Herod the Great began to strike "Tyre" shekels in Jerusalem. Other experts believe all of the type were struck at Tyre. These later coins were of cruder fabric and style, but maintained the silver purity required to pay the temple tax. The late shekels have the letters KP or KAP to the right of the eagle and dates range from PH (18/17 B.C.) to PE (69/70 A.D.). The Greek letters KP or KAP are probably an abbreviation for KAICAP, Greek for Caesar.
JD99228. Silver half shekel, RPC I 4700, Rouvier 2114, Prieur 1470 (1 spec.), Cohen DCA 922-168 (S), HGC 10 358, BMC Phoenicia -, aVF, toned, tight flan, reverse off cent, bumps and marks, weight 6.368 g, maximum diameter 20.0 mm, die axis 0o, Tyre or Jerusalem mint, 42 - 43 A.D.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle standing left, head left, wings closed, right talon on war galley ram, palm frond right on far side behind, PΞH (year 168) over club left, KP over monogram right, Aramaic letter between legs; ex Auctiones GmbH e-auction 63 (17 Mar 2019), lot 30; scarce year; SOLD


The Temple Tax Coin, Tyre KP Type Half Shekel, Jerusalem or Tyre Mint, 14 - 15 A.D.

|The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin|, |The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin,| |Tyre| |KP| |Type| |Half| |Shekel,| |Jerusalem| |or| |Tyre| |Mint,| |14| |-| |15| |A.D.||half| |shekel|
At the Great Temple in Jerusalem the annual tax levied was 1/2 shekel per male. The 1/2 shekel and shekel were the only coins accepted by the temple. Some experts believe that after the coinage of Tyre was debased under Roman control, Herod the Great began to strike "Tyre" shekels in Jerusalem. These coins were of cruder fabric and style, but maintained the silver purity required to pay the temple tax. The "Jerusalem" shekels have the letters KP or KAP to the right of the eagle and dates range from PH (18/17 B.C.) to PE (69/70 A.D.). The Greek letters KP or KAP are probably an abbreviation for KAICAP, Greek for Caesar.

SH99750. Silver half shekel, cf. RPC I 4688; Prieur 1458; BMC Phoenicia, p. 252, 236; Cohen DCA 922/140 (R3), VF, toned, die wear, punch, scratches, weight 6.421 g, maximum diameter 20.2 mm, die axis 0o, Tyre or Jerusalem mint, 14 - 15 A.D.(?); obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle standing left, head left, wings closed, right talon on war galley ram, palm frond transverse right behind, PM (?, obscure but most likely year 140) over club left, KP over Δ? right, Aramaic beth between legs; ex Jesus Vico auction 161 (21 Apr 2022), lot 160 (part of); SOLD


The Temple Tax Coin, Tyre KP Type Half Shekel, Jerusalem or Tyre Mint, 18 - 69 A.D.

|The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin|, |The| |Temple| |Tax| |Coin,| |Tyre| |KP| |Type| |Half| |Shekel,| |Jerusalem| |or| |Tyre| |Mint,| |18| |-| |69| |A.D.||half| |shekel|
Half Shekel - the currency of the Jerusalem Temple. Under Rome, the silver coinage of Tyre was debased. Some experts believe that, to provide coins with the silver purity required for the temple tax, Herod the Great received permission from Augustus to strike "Tyre" shekels in Jerusalem. The shekels that date from PH (18/17 B.C.) to PKE (69 A.D.) have cruder style and fabric, and the letters KP or KAP (for KAICAP, Greek for Caesar) to the right of the eagle. Wherever they were struck, these later shekels seem to have been struck specifically for the Temple tax. Typical of some shekels struck after 40 A.D., this specimen has a blundered legend and obscure date, due at least in part to extremely worn and perhaps repeatedly re-engraved dies.
JD99227. Silver half shekel, cf. HGC 10 358; Cohen DCA 922; RPC I 4686 ff., Prieur 1442 ff.; BMC Phoenicia p. 252, 235 ff.; Rouvier 2104 ff., VF, debased style, dark toning, light marks, irregular flan shape, edge split, weight 6.943 g, maximum diameter 20.5 mm, die axis 0o, Tyre or Jerusalem mint, c. 40 - 69 A.D.; obverse laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse TYPOY IEPAΣ KAI AΣYΛOY (of Tyre the holy and inviolable), eagle standing left, head left, wings closed, right talon on war galley ram, palm frond transverse right behind, obscure year over club left, KP over monogram right, Aramaic letter between legs; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES|

American Numismatic Society Collections Database - http://numismatics.org/search/search.
Baramki, D. The Coin Collection of the American University of Beirut Museum. (Beirut, 1974).
Burnett, A., M. Amandry, et al. Roman Provincial Coinage. (1992 - ).
Cohen, E. Dated Coins of Antiquity: A comprehensive catalogue of the coins and how their numbers came about. (Lancaster, PA, 2011).
de Saulcy, F. Numismatique de la Terre Sainte: description des monnaies autonomes et impériales de la Palestine et de l 'Arabie Pétrée. (Paris, 1874).
Duyrat, F. Arados Hellénistique: Étude historique et monétaire. (Beirut, 2005).
Hendin, D. Guide to Biblical Coins. (Amphora, 2010).
Hill, G. Catalogue of Greek Coins in the British Museum: Phoenicia. (London, 1910).
Hoover, O. Handbook of Coins of the Southern Levant: Phoenicia, Southern Koile Syria (Including Judaea), and Arabia, Fifth to First Centuries BC. HGC 10. (Lancaster, PA, 2010).
Lindgren, H. & F. Kovacs. Ancient Bronze Coins of Asia Minor and the Levant. (San Mateo, 1985).
Lindgren, H. Lindgren III: Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993).
Meshorer, Y. "The Coins of Dora" in INJ 9 (1986).
Meshorer, Y., et al. Coins of the Holy Land: The Abraham and Marian Sofaer Collection at the American Numismatic Society and The Israel Museum. ACNAC 8. (New York, 2013).
Prieur, M. & K. Prieur. The Syro-Phoenician Tetradrachms and their fractions from 57 BC to AD 258. (Lancaster, PA, 2000).
Rosenberger, M. The Rosenberger Israel Collection Vol. II: City-Coins of Palestine: Caesarea, Diospolis, Dora, Eleutheropolis, Gaba, Gaza and Joppa. (Jerusalem, 1975).
Rouvier, J. "Numismatique des Villes de la Phénicie" in Journal International d'Archéologie Numismatique. (Athens, 1900-1904).
RPC Online - http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/.
Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Volume 7: Cyprus to India. (New Jersey, 1981).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, France, Bibliothèque National, Collection Jean et Marie Delepierre. (Paris, 1983).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XII, The Hunterian Museum, Univ. of Glasgow, Part 2: Roman Provincial Coins: Cyprus-Egypt. (Oxford, 2008).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Schweiz II, Katalog der Sammlung Jean-Pierre Righetti im Bernischen Historischen Museum. (Bern, 1993).

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