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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Sicily| ▸ |Himera||View Options:  |  |  |   

Himera, Sicily

Himera (Termini), on the north coast of Sicily, was an ancient Chalcidic colony from Zancle, founded in the middle of the seventh century B.C. In 409 B.C., Carthage attacked Himera. The city was unprepared; its fortifications weak. At first they were supported about 4000 auxiliaries from Syracuse, but their general, Diocles, seized with panic for the safety of Syracuse itself, abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. More than 3000 prisoners were executed by General Hannibal Mago as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C. The site has been desolate ever since. The few surviving Greeks were settled by the Carthaginians eleven kilometers west of Himera at Thermae Himeraeae (Termini Imerese today). Thermae was taken by the Romans during the First Punic War.

Thermae Himerenses, Sicily, Roman Rule, c. 252 - 133 B.C.

|Other| |Sicily|, |Thermae| |Himerenses,| |Sicily,| |Roman| |Rule,| |c.| |252| |-| |133| |B.C.||AE| |20|
In 409 B.C., the Carthaginians under the command of Hannibal, conquered Himera, crucified three hundred of its leading men and obliterated the town. The site has been desolate ever since. The few surviving Greeks were settled by the Carthaginians eleven kilometers west of Himera at Thermae Himeraeae (Termini Imerese today). Thermae was taken by the Romans during the First Punic War.
GB35580. Bronze AE 20, Calciati I p. 120, 20/1; SNG ANS 193; SNG Cop 324; SNG Munchen 374; SNG Morcom 604; BMC Sicily p. 84, 7; HGC 2 1622 (R3); SGCV I 1114, Choice gVF, weight 6.905 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 0o, Thermai Himeraiai (Termini Imerese, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 252 - 133 B.C.; obverse bearded bust of Herakles right, wearing lion skin, club at shoulder; reverse ΘEPMITAN, turreted female figure standing left, wearing chiton and peplos, patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; beautiful patina, ex CNG, much nicer than any of the 15 examples in Calciati!; very rare; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, 415 - 408 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |415| |-| |408| |B.C.||hemilitron|
Hoover lists this type only as R1 but it is rare enough that it is missing from ANS and Copenhagen, and Calciati does not include a photo.
GB69186. Bronze hemilitron, Calciati I p. 44, 35 mv 1; Boehringer Himera p. 33 and pl. VII, 8; SNG Morcom 600; HGC 2 480 (R1); SNG ANS -; SNG Cop -, gVF, edge chip, weight 3.613 g, maximum diameter 16.6 mm, die axis 0o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, 415- 408 B.C.; obverse IM-E, head of nymph Himera left, hair bound in ampyx and sphendone, six pellets before; reverse six pellets in and around a rosette (or star with five rays); all within laurel wreath; very rare; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 425 - 409 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |425| |-| |409| |B.C.||hexas|
In 409 B.C., Carthage attacked Himera. The city was unprepared; its fortifications weak. At first they were supported about 4000 auxiliaries from Syracuse, but their general, Diocles, seized with panic for the safety of Syracuse itself, abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. More than 3000 prisoners were put to death by General Hannibal Mago as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C.
GB81892. Bronze hexas, Calciati I p. 43, 34; HGC 2 478; SNG Cop 319; Virzi 1043; SNG ANS -; SNG Lloyd -, VF, weight 2.043 g, maximum diameter 14.0 mm, die axis 180o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 425 - 409 B.C.; obverse Pan riding goat springing left, blowing into conch shell in his right hand, cradling lagobolon in left arm, fish left below; reverse IMEPAI-ON, Nike flying left, aphlaston in extended right hand, hem of chiton in left; two pellets (mark of value) to left; IMERAI-ON (N reversed) starting counterclockwise at 9:00, divided, and ending under wing; very rare; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 470 - 450 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |470| |-| |450| |B.C.||obol|
Himera was a Chalcidic colony founded from Zancle on the north coast of Sicily in mid-seventh century B.C. Carthage attacked in 409 B.C. At first Syracuse supported them with 4000 auxiliaries, but their general panicked for the safety of Syracuse itself abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. General Hannibal Mago executed more than 3000 prisoners as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at Himera in 480 B.C. The site has been desolate ever since. The few surviving Greeks were settled by the Carthaginians eleven kilometers west of Himera at Thermae Himeraeae (Termini Imerese today). Thermae was taken by the Romans during the First Punic War.
GS84998. Silver obol, SNG Cop 312; SNG Munchen 355; SNG Lloyd 1028; BMC Sicily p. 81, 47; HGC 2 447 (R1); SNG ANS -; Klein -; Winterthur I -, F/VF, well centered and struck, etched surfaces, weight 0.650 g, maximum diameter 10.6 mm, die axis 270o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 470 - 450 B.C.; obverse bearded male (Kronos?) head right, wearing tainia (hair band); reverse HIMEPA (clockwise starting below, retrograde), Corinthian helmet right, no crest, within shallow incuse; rare; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 420 - 409 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |420| |-| |409| |B.C.||hemilitron|
Himera (Termini), on the north coast of Sicily, was an ancient Chalcidic colony from Zancle, founded in the middle of the seventh century B.C. In 409 B.C., Carthage attacked Himera. The city was unprepared; its fortifications weak. At first they were supported about 4000 auxiliaries from Syracuse, but their general, Diocles, seized with panic for the safety of Syracuse itself, abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. More than 3000 prisoners were executed by General Hannibal Mago as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C. The site has been desolate ever since. The few surviving Greeks were settled by the Carthaginians eleven kilometers west of Himera at Thermae Himeraeae (Termini Imerese today). Thermae was taken by the Romans during the First Punic War.
SL89809. Bronze hemilitron, SNG Cop 320; Calciati I p. 43, 35; SGCV I 1110; SNG ANS 186, HGC 2 479, NGC AU, strike 5/5, surface 4/5 (4165061-001), weight 3.62 g, maximum diameter 15.7 mm, die axis 270o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 420 - 409 B.C.; obverse head of nymph Himera left, wearing sphendone, six pellets before, IM-E clockwise starting behind neck; reverse six pellets within laurel wreath; from the Martineit Collection of Ancient and World Coins; NGC| Lookup; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 420 - 409 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |420| |-| |409| |B.C.||hemilitron|
Himera (Termini), on the north coast of Sicily, was an ancient Chalcidic colony from Zancle, founded in the middle of the seventh century B.C. In 409 B.C., Carthage attacked Himera. The city was unprepared; its fortifications weak. At first they were supported about 4000 auxiliaries from Syracuse, but their general, Diocles, seized with panic for the safety of Syracuse itself, abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. More than 3000 prisoners were executed by General Hannibal Mago as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C. The site has been desolate ever since. The few surviving Greeks were settled by the Carthaginians eleven kilometers west of Himera at Thermae Himeraeae (Termini Imerese today). Thermae was taken by the Romans during the First Punic War.
GI91187. Bronze hemilitron, SNG Cop 320; Calciati I p. 43, 35; SGCV I 1110; SNG ANS 186, HGC 2 479, Choice VF, well centered, green patina, small spots of light corrosion, earthen deposits, light scratches, weight 4.255 g, maximum diameter 17.9 mm, die axis 225o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 420 - 409 B.C.; obverse head of nymph Himera left, wearing sphendone, six pellets before, IM-E clockwise starting behind neck; reverse six pellets within laurel wreath; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 530 - 520 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |530| |-| |520| |B.C.||litra|
After Terillus, tyrant of Himera, was removed, he requested aid from Carthage. Hamilcar landed at Carthagian Panormus with an army of 300,000 men. Himera was just outside the eastern boundary of the Carthaginian-controlled west Sicily, very near Panormus. Himera held its defenses until Gelon of Syracuse arrived with a smaller Greek army. Despite the numerical inferiority, the Greeks defeated the Carthaginians with such slaughter that the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C. was regarded by the Greeks of Sicily as worthy of comparison with the contemporary victory of Salamis. A tradition grew, that both triumphs were achieved on the very same day. The tradition was probably fiction, but the battle did cripple Carthage's power in Sicily for decades.Battle of Himera
GI90442. Silver litra, Kraay Himera pl. 15, 284; SNG ANS 145; SNG Cop 297; cf. BMC Sicily p. 76, 11 (hen); HGC 2 426 (R1, obol, hen); SNG Munchen -, VF, toned, etched surfaces, weight 0.778 g, maximum diameter 12.5 mm, die axis 315o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 530 - 520 B.C.; obverse cock left; reverse square millsail pattern; rare; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 430 - 420 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |430| |-| |420| |B.C.||hemilitron|
In 409 B.C., Carthage attacked Himera. The city was unprepared; its fortifications weak. At first they were supported about 4000 auxiliaries from Syracuse, but their general, Diocles, seized with panic for the safety of Syracuse itself, abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. More than 3000 prisoners were put to death by General Hannibal Mago as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C.
GI85845. Bronze hemilitron, cf. Calciati I, Group V, p. 35, 24; SNG ANS 180; McClean 2303; Weber 1356; HGC 2 472 (S), F, green patina, thick truncated-conic slightly irregular flan, struck with a worn obverse die, weight 15.015 g, maximum diameter 24.2 mm, die axis 315o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 430 - 420 B.C.; obverse facing head of Medusa (gorgoneion), almond eyes, protruding cheeks, nose well modeled, hair in large curls, protruding tongue, crude execution; reverse six pellets (mark of value), in two columns of three, nearly flat field; ex Moneta Numismatic Services; scarce; SOLD


Himera, Sicily, c. 420 - 409 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily,| |c.| |420| |-| |409| |B.C.||hemilitron|
Himera (Termini), on the north coast of Sicily, was an ancient Chalcidic colony from Zancle, founded in the middle of the seventh century B.C. In 409 B.C., Carthage attacked Himera. The city was unprepared; its fortifications weak. At first they were supported about 4000 auxiliaries from Syracuse, but their general, Diocles, seized with panic for the safety of Syracuse itself, abandoned Himera. The city was utterly destroyed, its buildings, even its temples, were razed to the ground. More than 3000 prisoners were executed by General Hannibal Mago as a human sacrifice to the memory of his grandfather General Hamilcar who had been defeated at the Battle of Himera in 480 B.C. The site has been desolate ever since. The few surviving Greeks were settled by the Carthaginians eleven kilometers west of Himera at Thermae Himeraeae (Termini Imerese today). Thermae was taken by the Romans during the First Punic War.
GB82443. Bronze hemilitron, SNG Cop 320; Calciati I p. 43, 35; SGCV I 1110; SNG ANS 186, HGC 2 479, aEF, weight 4.580 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 180o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 420 - 409 B.C.; obverse head of nymph Himera left, wearing sphendone, six pellets before, IM-E clockwise starting behind neck; reverse six pellets within laurel wreath; SOLD


Himera, Sicily (Imitative?), c. 470 - 450 B.C.

|Himera|, |Himera,| |Sicily| |(Imitative?),| |c.| |470| |-| |450| |B.C.||litra|
In La Revue Numismatique (1867), A. Salinas published a hoard of similar coins attributed as imitative. Apparently otherwise unpublished.
SH27568. Silver litra, A. Salinas, La Revue Numismatique (1867) no. 7 and pl. IX, 13; cf. BMC Sicily p. 81, 46 var. (head right, helmet right); cf. SNG Munchen 356 (same), F, weight 0.482 g, maximum diameter 10.2 mm, die axis 180o, Himera (Termini, Sicily, Italy) mint, c. 470 - 450 B.C.; obverse bearded head left, dot border; reverse HIMEPA (or similar), Corinthian helmet left; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES|

Arnold-Biucchi, C. "La monetazione d'argento di Himera classica. I tetradrammi" in Quaderni Ticinesi XVII (1988).
Bloesch, H. Griechische Münzen In Winterthur, Vol. 1. Spain, Gaul, Italy, Sicily, Moesia, Dacia, Sarmatia, Thrace, and Macedonia. (Winterthur, 1987).
Boehringer, C. "Himera im IV. Jahrhundert v. Chr." in Kraay-Mørkholm Essays.
Calciati, R. Corpus Nummorum Siculorum. The Bronze Coinage, Vol. I. (Milan, 1983).
Kraay, C.M. The Archaic Coinage of Himera. (Naples, 1984).
Gabrici, E. La monetazione del bronzo nella Sicila antica. (Palermo, 1927).
Gabrici, E. Topographia E Numismatica Dell' Antica Imera (E di Terme). (Naples, 1894).
Gutman. F & W. Schwabacher. "Tetradrachmen und Didrachmen von Himera (472-409 v Chr)" in MBNG 47. (1929).
Hoover, O.D. Handbook of Coins of Sicily (including Lipara), Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues, Sixth to First Centuries BC. (Lancaster, PA, 2011).
Poole, R.S. ed. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Sicily. (London, 1876).
Rizzo, G.E. Monete greche della Sicilia. (Rome, 1946).
Salinas, A. Le monete delle antiche città di Sicilia descritte e illustrate da Antonino Salinas. (Palermo, 1871).
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 1: Europe. (London, 1978).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Volume 1: Italy - Sicily. (West Milford, NJ, 1981).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, München Staatlische Münzsammlung, Part 5: Sikelia. (Berlin, 1977).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain IV, Fitzwilliam Museum, Leake and General Collections, Part 2: Sicily - Thrace. (London, 1947).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain, Volume X, John Morcom Collection. (Oxford, 1995).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, USA, The Collection of the American Numismatic Society, Part 4: Sicily 2 (Galaria - Styella). (New York, 1977).
Westermark, U. "Himera. The Coins of Akragantine Type 2" in Travaux Le Rider.

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