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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Quality| ▸ |Patina||View Options:  |  |  |   

Patina on ancient coins

In this section we include the most attractively patinated bronze coins of our selection, as well as uncleaned hoard and fine cabinet toned silver.

Caligula, 16 March 37 - 24 January 41 A.D.

|Caligula|, |Caligula,| |16| |March| |37| |-| |24| |January| |41| |A.D.||sestertius|
Scarce issue from the final year of his reign, with a more mature portrait, and stern gaze. Seneca (3.19.1) characterized Caligula's gaze as a form of torture -- "He had tortured them by means of all the grimmest devices that nature provides - by the string, by the robe, by the rack, by fire, and by his own gaze."
SH47806. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC I 53 (R2); BnF II 116; BMCRE I p. 157, *, pl. 29, 13; Cohen I 26, Choice VF, attractive mahogany red-brown patina, weight 27.960 g, maximum diameter 35.8 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 18 Mar 40 - 24 Jan 41; obverse C CAESAR DIVI AVG PRON AVG P M TR P IIII P P, laureate head left; reverse S P Q R / P P / OB CIVES / SERVATOS, inscription in four lines within Corona Civica oak wreath; ex CNG; SOLD


Galerius, 1 March 305 - 5 May 311 A.D.

|Galerius|, |Galerius,| |1| |March| |305| |-| |5| |May| |311| |A.D.||argenteus|
The Sisak Hoard of more than 2000 silver argentei, most of them mint-state, plus silver vessels, was found in 1953 near Siscia (Croatia). Still today, nearly all the high grade early argentei of the early tetrarchy on the market came from this hoard. The deposition of the hoard can be placed in the year 295/296.
SH53596. Silver argenteus, Sisak Hoard 31, RIC VI 17b, RSC V 208C, FDC, weight 3.007 g, maximum diameter 20.5 mm, die axis 0o, Ticinum (Pavia, Italy) mint, c. 295 A.D.; obverse MAXIMIAN-VS CAESAR, laureate head right; reverse VICTORIA SARMAT, the four tetrarchs sacrificing over tripod in front of turreted enclosure with gate; ex H. S. Perlin Co., 1988; magnificent rainbow iridescent toning on blazing lustrous fields, perfect centering on a large flan, sharp portrait of fine style, from the 1953 Sisak hoard; rare (RIC R3); SOLD


Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D.

|Nero|, |Nero,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.||sestertius|
The Nero sestertii from the Rome mint are scarcer than those from Lugdunum. The Rome portrait style is almost uniformly better.
RB84071. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC I 275, BMCRE I p. 233, 180, Mac Dowall WCN 137, Cohen I 264, Giard Lyon -, BnF II -, SRCV I -, Choice gVF, nice style, attractive portrait, nice green patina, slight porosity on reverse, weight 26.200 g, maximum diameter 35.5 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 65 A.D.; obverse NERO CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG GER P M TR P IMP P P, laureate head right, light beard, wearing aegis(?); reverse Roma seated left on cuirass and shields, wearing helmet, cuirass, short tunic and military boots, Victory in her right hand, her left hand resting on parazonium at side, her right foot drawn back and resting on helmet, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field, ROMA in exergue; ex Stack's Bowers and Ponterio ANA Auction (12 Aug 2015), lot 30072; SOLD


Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D.

|Hadrian|, |Hadrian,| |11| |August| |117| |-| |10| |July| |138| |A.D.||denarius|
During the reign of Hadrian the denarius was 87% silver.
SH53583. Silver denarius, RIC II 290, RSC II 1481a, BMCRE III 778, SRCV II 3550 var., Superb EF, weight 3.203 g, maximum diameter 17.3 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 137 A.D.; obverse HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P, laureate bust right with slight drapery on far shoulder; reverse VOTA PVBLICA (Vows (prayers) of the Roman people), Hadrian standing half left, togate, patera in right, sacrificing over altar left; ex H.S. Perlin Co., 1988; magnificent coin, beautiful toning, suitable for the finest collection; SOLD


Otho, 15 January 69 - 17 April 69 A.D.

|Otho|, |Otho,| |15| |January| |69| |-| |17| |April| |69| |A.D.||denarius|
From the Prof. Henry H. Armstrong collection. In 1910, when he purchased this coin, Professor Armstrong lived in Rome working as a Research Associate of the Carnegie Institution in Archaeology teaching at the American School for Classical Studies. From 1918 until his death in 1935 he taught at Beloit College as head of the Department of Romance Languages. Nicknamed "Sparky" by the students, his death after a two-week illness came as a shock to the college. His coins, inherited by his son, sat in a cigar box for the next 74 years.
SH39592. Silver denarius, RIC I 8 (R2), RSC II 17, BMCRE I 18, BnF III 10, Hunter I C3807, SRCV I 2162, VF, beautiful rainbow toning, weight 3.057 g, maximum diameter 19.2 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, Feb - Mar 69 A.D.; obverse IMP M OTHO CAESAR AVG TR P, bare head right; reverse SECVRITAS P R (security of the people of Rome), Securitas standing slightly left, head left, wreath in right hand, long scepter in left hand; exceptional full flan and beautiful old "cigar box" collection rainbow toning; from the Prof. Henry H. Armstrong collection, handwritten envelope notes, "Alcott sold for $3.50 for very good. Purchase, Champion, 1910."; rare; SOLD


Didius Julianus, 28 March - 2 June 193 A.D.

|Didius| |Julianus|, |Didius| |Julianus,| |28| |March| |-| |2| |June| |193| |A.D.||sestertius|
The Romans believed that Fortuna, after deserting the Persians and Assyrians, took flight over Macedonia and saw Alexander perish as she passed into Egypt and into Syria. At last arriving on Mount Palatine, she threw aside her wings and casting away her wheel, entered Rome where she took up her abode forever.
SH21378. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 15 (R), BMCRE V 25, Hunter III 5, Cohen III 12, SRCV II 6076, aVF, green patina, centered on a tight flan, weight 20.405 g, maximum diameter 27.7 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, late May - 2 Jun 193 A.D.; obverse IMP CAES M DID SEVER IVLIAN AVG, laureate head right; reverse P M TR P COS, Fortuna standing left, rudder on globe held by tiller in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking low across field; rare; SOLD


Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.

|Trajan|, |Trajan,| |25| |January| |98| |-| |8| |or| |9| |August| |117| |A.D.||denarius|
In 107 A.D., Trajan received an ambassador from India.
SH53588. Silver denarius, Woytek 270b, RIC II 128, RSC II 74, BMCRE III 328, Hunter II 104, Strack I 128, SRCV II 3129, Superb EF, fine style, bold, from sharp dies, as struck mint state except for the addition of wonderful iridescent toning, weight 3.369 g, maximum diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 107 - 108 A.D.; obverse IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P, laureate bust right, slight drapery on far shoulder; reverse COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC, Victory standing slightly left, naked to hips, raising wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand; ex H. S. Perlin Co., 1989; SOLD


Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., Pogla, Pisidia

|Septimius| |Severus|, |Septimius| |Severus,| |9| |April| |193| |-| |4| |February| |211| |A.D.,| |Pogla,| |Pisidia||medallion|
SH28917. Bronze medallion, SNGvA 5144 (different dies), BMC Lycia -, SNG BnF -, SNG Cop -, VF, weight 26.0 g, maximum diameter 37.1 mm, die axis 0o, obverse AYT K Λ CEΠ - CEOYHPOC ΠE, laureate and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse ΠΩΓ-ΛEΩN, cult image of Artemis Pergaia between two stars, within distyle temple or aedicula with domed roof; a huge, very attractive bronze with a nice patina; the first coin FORVM has offered from Pogla; extremely rare; SOLD


Augustus, 16 January 27 B.C. - 19 August 14 A.D., Caius reverse

|Augustus|, |Augustus,| |16| |January| |27| |B.C.| |-| |19| |August| |14| |A.D.,| |Caius| |reverse||denarius|
In 17 B.C., Augustus adopted his grandsons, Gaius and his brother Lucius, the sons of Agrippa and his daughter Julia, and named the boys as his heirs. In 6 B.C. the plebs agitated for Gaius to be consul, despite that he was only 14. As a compromise, it was agreed that had the right to sit in the Senate House, he was made consul designatus, and he would assume the consulship in his 20th year. He was named Prince of Youth, an honorific that made him a symbolic leader of the equestrian order. In 1 B.C. he was army commander in the East and made a peace treaty with Phraates V. In 1 A.D., he was finally made consul. In 4 A.D., Gaius, only 24 years old, died from battle wounds received in Armenia. The deaths of both Gaius and Lucius, the Emperor's two favored heirs, led Augustus to adopt his stepson, Tiberius. Tacitus suggested that Livia may have had a hand in Gaius' death, presumably to orchestrate the accession of her own son Tiberius.
SH28108. Silver denarius, RIC I 199, BMCRE I 500, RSC I 40, BnF I 1461, SRCV I 1596, EF, toned, weight 3.649 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 270o, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, 8 - 7 B.C.; obverse AVGVSTVS DIVI•F, laureate head right; reverse Caius Caesar galloping right on horseback, holding sword and shield, legionary eagle and two standards in background behind, C•CAESAR, above, AVGVS•F (son of Augustus) in exergue; SOLD


Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.

|Trajan|, |Trajan,| |25| |January| |98| |-| |8| |or| |9| |August| |117| |A.D.||sestertius|
Trajan's "bridge reverse" is usually identified as the monumental bridge built across the Danube by the famous architect Apollodorus of Damascus, an amazing example of Roman engineering. Apollodorus' bridge is believed to have differed greatly from the bridge on coin and G.F. Hill suggested the bridge is the Pons Sublicius, a revered ancient wooden structure in Rome, often damaged by floods and presumably restored under Trajan. We believe the Danube Bridge is a more likely subject. Architecture is notoriously schematized on ancient coins and both bridges required piers in the riverbed, so the artistic departure from reality would be the same in both cases.

While Apollodorus' own writings on the bridge are lost, it is depicted on Trajan's Column, and discussed in the writing of Cassius Dio and Procopius of Caesarea, among others. The bridge, constructed with wooden arches set on twenty masonry pillars, is estimated to have been 1135 meters long and the river about 800 meters wide. Each gateway was protected by a castrum. Procopius tells us that during construction the river was diverted and about half of the pillars were built on dry land. Cassius Dio tells us that Hadrian removed the wooden arches to protect Moesia from northern invasions. Since Dacia continued to be a province for about the next 150 years, the bridge must have been rebuilt. Aurelian likely demolished it when he abandoned Dacia. In 1856, when the Danube was at a record low, all twenty pillars were seen out of the water. In 1906 two were demolished to ease navigation. In 1982 archaeologists could only find the remains of twelve pillars. Both end pillars are still standing on the Serbian and Romanian shores.
SH54874. Orichalcum sestertius, Woytek 314bC4, SRCV II 3207, RIC II 569, Cohen II 542, VF, Tiber patina, weight 28.372 g, maximum diameter 33.6 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 105 A.D.; obverse IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, laureate bust right, seen from behind, slight drapery on left shoulder; reverse SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI, arched single-span bridge over river, covered walkway separated by vertical bars and middle curved line, each gateway surmounted by statuary, right one with flight of steps; boat over S C (senatus consulto) below; SOLD




  




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