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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Thrace & Moesia| ▸ |Marcianopolis||View Options:  |  |  |   

Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

Renamed by Trajan after his sister, Ulpia Marciana, Marcianopolis was an important strategic center, part of Roman Thrace until c. 190, and then belonged to Moesia inferior. Marcianopolis' prosperity was ended by Gothic raids in 248 and 249, another in 267 or 268, and other barbarian invasions from the north. The city recovered and under Diocletian Marcianopolis became the center of the province Moesia Secunda of the Diocese of Thrace, and was thoroughly rebuilt in the late 3rd and early 4th century. During Valens' conflict with the Goths (366 - 369), Marcianopolis was a temporary capital of the empire and the largest city of Thrace. In 447, it was destroyed by the Huns under Attila, immediately after the bloody Battle of the Utus River. Justinian I restored and fortified it, but it was subject to regular barbarian attacks. An Avar raid finally destroyed it in 614 or 615.

Philip I and Otacilia Severa, 244 - 249 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Philip| |I| |and| |Otacilia| |Severa,| |244| |-| |249| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||pentassarion|
Hermes was the messenger of the gods and the god of commerce and thieves. He was the son of Zeus and the nymph Maia. His symbols include the caduceus and winged sandals.
RP36495. Bronze pentassarion, Varbanov I 2078, AMNG I/I 1202, aEF, weight 13.702 g, maximum diameter 27.9 mm, die axis 195o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, consular legate Prastina Messallinus, 244 - 247; obverse AYT M IOYΛ ΦIΛIΠΠOC AVΓ M WTAK CEBHPA C, confronting draped busts of Philip, on left, and Otacilia; reverse YΠ ΠPACT MECCAΛΛEINOY MAPKIANOΠOΛEITΩN, Hermes standing half-right, head left, holding purse and caduceus, nude but for cloak hanging on forearm, E (mark of value) in left field; ex H.D. Rauch 82, 488; unusual fine condition for a provincial bronze; SOLD


Severus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Severus| |Alexander,| |13| |March| |222| |-| |March| |235| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||AE| |26|
Apollo is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in ancient Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The ideal of the kouros (a beardless, athletic youth), Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of light and the sun, truth and prophecy, healing, plague, music, poetry, and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis.
RP33831. Bronze AE 26, H-J Marcianopolis 6.32.7.2 (R4), AMNG I/I 986, Varbanov I 1753 corr. (R5, laureate head), SNG Cop -, BMC Thrace -, EF, weight 12.101 g, maximum diameter 25.8 mm, die axis 180o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, consular legate Iulius Gaetulicus, 222 - 225 A.D.; obverse AYT K M AYP CEY AΛEZANΔPOC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse YΠ IOY ΓETOYΔIKOY - MAPKIANOΠOΛIT (OY's and AP ligate), Apollo standing left, nude, phiale in extended right hand, branch in left; SOLD


Caracalla and Geta, 209 - c. 26 December 211 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Caracalla| |and| |Geta,| |209| |-| |c.| |26| |December| |211| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||pentassarion|
The brothers, Caracalla and Geta, pledged to their dying father, Septimius Severus, they would rule together. But each had a rival faction and vied for supremacy. Pretending reconciliation, Caracalla scheduled a meeting at their mother's house where instead Geta was murdered, dying in his mother's arms.
RP85633. Bronze pentassarion, H-J Marcianopolis 6.20.36.2 (R5), Varbanov I 1083 (R3) var. (rev. legend ends ΩN), SNG Cop -, SNG Munchen -, BMC Thrace -, AMNG -, Moushmov -, VF, choice obverse with attractive busts, nice green patina, reverse slightly off center, area of porosity, weight 11.726 g, maximum diameter 28.2 mm, die axis 30o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, consular legate Flavius Ulpianus, 210 - 211 A.D.; obverse AY K M AV ANTΩNINOC AY K Π CEΠ, ΓETAC (ending below busts), confronted busts of Caracalla, laureate, draped and cuirassed, and Geta, laureate and draped; reverse Y ΦΛ OYΛΠIANOY MAPKIANOΠOΛITΩ, Fortuna standing facing, head left, kalathos on head, patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, E (mark of value) in field left; scarce; SOLD


Philip I and Otacilia Severa, 244 - 249 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Philip| |I| |and| |Otacilia| |Severa,| |244| |-| |249| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||pentassarion|
The Greeks and Romans did not view snakes as evil creatures but rather as symbols and tools for healing and fertility. Asclepius, the son of Apollo and Koronis, learned the secrets of keeping death at bay after observing one snake bringing another snake healing herbs. Woman seeking fertility, the sick, and the injured slept in his temples in chambers where non-poisonous snakes were left to crawl on the floor and provide healing.
RP83492. Bronze pentassarion, H-J Marcianopolis 6.41.22.1 (R6), Varbanov I 2083, AMNG I/I 1206, Mouchmov 850, BMC Thrace -, SNG Cop -, gVF, green patina, porous, small edge splits, central cavities, weight 12.529 g, maximum diameter 29.4 mm, die axis 180o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, consular legate Prastina Messallinus, 244 - 247; obverse AYT M IOYΛ ΦIΛIΠΠOC AVΓ M WTAK, CEBHPAC / E (ending in two lines in exergue), confronted busts of Philip I on left, facing right, laureate, draped, and cuirassed, and Otacilia Severa, on right, facing left, diademed and draped; reverse YΠ ΠPACT MECCAΛΛEINOY MAPKIANOΠOΛEIT,ΩN (final two letters in column in right field), serpent in four coils, erect head nimbate right, E (mark of value) in left field; SOLD


Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||pentassarion|
Homonoia was the goddess (or spirit or personification) of harmony, concord, unanimity, and oneness of mind. She is usually depicted either seated or standing with a cornucopia.
RP54379. Bronze pentassarion, Varbanov I 2096, AMNG I/I 1213, SNG Cop -, SNG Hunterian -, SNG Righetti -, Lindgren -, SGICV -, VF, attractive green patina, weight 11.556 g, maximum diameter 26.7 mm, die axis 45o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, obverse M IOYΛIOC ΦIΛIΠΠOC KAICAP, confronting draped busts of Philip, on left, and Serapis; reverse MAPKIANOΠOΛEITΩN, Homonoia standing facing, head left, patera in left over flaming altar, cornucopia in right, E (mark of value) in left field; attractive green patina; scarce; SOLD


Gordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Gordian| |III,| |29| |July| |238| |-| |25| |February| |244| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||AE| |21|
The Three Graces, named Euphrosyne, Aglaia and Thalia, were the attendants of Venus (Aphrodite). They are shown on Roman provincial coins as a statuary group, nude and sometimes holding apples.
RP84853. Bronze AE 21, H-J Marcianopolis 6.36.26.3 (same dies), Varbanov 1908, AMNG I -, SNG Cop -, SNG Munchen -, Mionnet -, Moushmov -, VF, dark green patina, porous, central cavities, weight 4.432 g, maximum diameter 21.2 mm, die axis 0o, Marcianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, 240/241 A.D.; obverse M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC AVT, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right from the front; reverse MAPKIANOΠOΛITΩN (the final N in exergue), The Three Graces standing, nude, the outer two facing, with heads turned outward and holding apples in outer hand, the middle with back facing and with arms around other two; ex CNG e-auction 225, lot 242; ex Mark Staal Collection of the Three Graces; ex Palladium, Sep 1997; rare; SOLD


Gordian III and Tranquillina, May 241 - 25 February 244 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Gordian| |III| |and| |Tranquillina,| |May| |241| |-| |25| |February| |244| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||pentassarion|
Tyche (Greek for luck; the Roman equivalent was Fortuna) was the presiding tutelary deity that governed the fortune and prosperity of a city, its destiny. Increasingly during the Hellenistic period, cities had their own specific iconic version of Tyche, wearing a mural crown (a crown like the walls of the city).
RP33650. Bronze pentassarion, H-J Marcianopolis 6.38.46.2 (same dies, R6), Varbanov I 2057 (same dies, R4), AMNG I/I 1192 (same reverse die), Moushmov 841, VF, weight 11.363 g, maximum diameter 28.1 mm, die axis 180o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, consular legate Tertullianus, 241 - 244 A.D.; obverse AYT K M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC AYΓ CE, TPANKYΛ/ΛEINA (legend ends in two lines below busts), confronted busts of Gordian on left, laureate, draped, and cuirassed, and Tranquillina on right, draped and wearing stephane; reverse YΠ TEPTYΛΛIANOY MAPKIANO,ΠOΛIT,Ω/N (legend continues into exergue, and ends on right side of the temple), tetrastyle temple containing statue of Tyche standing facing, head left, rudder in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, horned roof, pellet in pediment, E (mark of value) in left field; scarce; SOLD


Gordian III and Tranquillina, May 241 - 25 February 244 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Gordian| |III| |and| |Tranquillina,| |May| |241| |-| |25| |February| |244| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||pentassarion|
Homonoia was the goddess (or spirit or personification) of harmony, concord, unanimity, and oneness of mind. She is usually depicted either seated or standing with a cornucopia.
RP96914. Bronze pentassarion, H-J Marcianopolis 6.38.36.2 (R6), BMC Thrace p 40, 91; Varbanov I 2046 (R3), AMNG I/I 1188, SNG Cop -, VF, obverse off center, flow lines, central depressions, weight 13.543 g, maximum diameter 27.0 mm, die axis 0o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, consular legate Tertullianus, 241 - 244 A.D.; obverse AYT K M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC AYΓ CEB, TPANKIΛΛEINA (her name in exergue), confronted busts of Gordian on left, laureate, draped, and cuirassed, and Tranquillina on right, draped and wearing stephane; reverse YΠ TEPTUΛΛIANOY MAPKIANOΠOΛ,I/T/Ω/N (the last four letters in column in right field), Homonoia standing left, patera in right hand held over flaming altar at feet on left, cornucopia in left hand, E (mark of value) in upper left field; rare; SOLD


Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Septimius| |Severus,| |9| |April| |193| |-| |4| |February| |211| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||AE| |19|
The first of Herakles' twelve labors, set by his cousin King Eurystheus, was to slay the Nemean lion and bring back its skin. It could not be killed with mortal weapons because its golden fur was impervious to attack. Its claws were sharper than swords and could cut through any armor. Herakles stunned the beast with his club and, using his immense strength, strangled it to death. During the fight, the lion bit off one of his fingers. After slaying the lion, he tried to skin it with a knife but failed. Wise Athena, noticing the hero's plight, told him to use one of the lion's own claws to skin the pelt.
RP68282. Bronze AE 19, H-J Marcianopolis 6.14.14.3 (R2), Moushmov 397, Varbanov I 733 (R4) var. (CEΠTI), AMNG I/I 585 var. (CE), VF, tight flan, weight 4.951 g, maximum diameter 19.3 mm, die axis 225o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, obverse AV Λ CEΠT CEVHPOC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse MAPKIANOΠOΛITΩN, Herakles standing left, nude, fighting the Nemean lion, which appears to be biting off his finger; SOLD


Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Marcianopolis, Moesia Inferior

|Marcianopolis|, |Elagabalus,| |16| |May| |218| |-| |11| |March| |222| |A.D.,| |Marcianopolis,| |Moesia| |Inferior||assarion|
Renamed by Trajan after his sister, Ulpia Marciana, Marcianopolis was an important strategic center for centuries. The city was repeatedly destroyed by barbarian raids (Goths, Huns, Avars and others) but also was repeatedly rebuilt and prospered. During Valens' conflict with the Goths, Marcianopolis was a temporary capital of the empire and the largest city in Thrace. An Avar raid finally destroyed the city in 614 or 615.
RP54126. Bronze assarion, Varbanov I 1382, AMNG I/I 926, H-J Marcianopolis 6.26.8.2 var. (laureate head right), VF, weight 2.984 g, maximum diameter 16.9 mm, die axis 180o, Markianopolis (Devnya, Bulgaria) mint, obverse AYT K M AYP ANTΩNINOC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse MAPKIANOΠOΛITΩN, bunch of grapes; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Corpus Nummorum Thracorum - http://www.corpus-nummorum.eu/
Hristova, N. & G. Jekov. The Local Coinage of the Roman Empire - Moesia Inferior, I - III c. A.D., Marcianopolis. (Blagoevgrad, 2006).
Lindgren, H. Ancient Greek Bronze Coins: European Mints. (San Mateo, 1989).
Lindgren, H. Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993).
Moushmov, N. Ancient Coins of the Balkan Peninsula. (1912).
Pick, B. & K. Regling. Die antiken Münzen von Dacien und Moesien. AMNG I/I. (Berlin, 1898).
Poole, R.S. ed. A Catalog of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, Thrace, etc. (London, 1877).
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 1: Europe. (London, 1978).
Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 2: Macedonia and Thrace. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, München Staatlische Münzsammlung, Part 7: Taurische Chersones. Sarmatien. Dacia. Moesia superior. Moesia inferior. (Berlin, 1985).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XII, The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, Part 1: Roman Provincial Coins: Spain - Kingdoms of Asia Minor. (Oxford, 2004).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Hungary, Budapest, Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, III: Moesia inferior. (Milan, 2000).
Varbanov, I. Greek Imperial Coins And Their Values, Volume I: Dacia, Moesia Superior & Moesia Inferior. (Bourgas, Bulgaria, 2005).

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